Table 1.

Circular economy aspects to be evaluated in the building construction sector and alignment with existing reference frameworks.

Circular Economy aspect	Alignment with Level(s) (Dodd et al., 2017a, 2017b)	Alignment with BREEAM (Kubbinga et al., 2018)	Alignment with Cradle-to-Cradle (Cradle to Cradle Products Innovation Institute, 2019)
Energy	GHG emissions along a building's life cycle	Energy based on renewable sources	Renewable Energy and Carbon Management
Materials	Resource efficient and circular material life cycles	Materials are cycled at continuous high value Health of humans is supported	Material Health Material Reutilization or Product Circularity in version 4
Water	Efficient use of water resources	Water extracted at a sustainable rate and resource recovery is maximised	Water stewardship
Social value	Healthy and Comfortable spaces	Health and wellbeing of humans is supported Human society preservation Biodiversity supported	Social Fairness
Economic value	Optimised life cycle cost and value	Human activities generate value in measures beyond just financial	–