Table 1.
Clinical, laboratory, and echocardiography characteristics of the study groups.
| Parameter | Group A (n = 71 (%)) | Group B (n = 70 (%)) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 72.03 ± 12.82 | 71.37 ± 13.71 | 0.39 |
| Gender (male) | 33 (54.93%) | 39 (47.14%) | 0.36 |
| NYHA | 3.06 ± 0.91 | 3.47 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 16 (22.54%) | 12 (17.14%) | 0.42 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 54 (76.06%) | 63 (90.00%) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 27 (38.03%) | 26 (37.14%) | 0.91 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 33 (46.48%) | 33 (47.14%) | 0.94 |
| Ischemic heart diseases/myocardial infarction in the past | 33 (46.48%) | 37 (52.86%) | 0.45 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 28 (39.44%) | 38 (54.29%) | 0.08 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 23 (32.39%) | 30 (42.86%) | 0.20 |
| HFpEF | 31 (43.66%) | 16 (22.86%) | 0.01 |
| In-hospital bleedings | 2 (2.82%) | 2 (2.86%) | 0.62 |
| In-hospital mortality | 6 (8.45%) | 2 (2.86%) | 0.28 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days) | 6.17 ± 4.16 | 5.92 ± 3.33 | 0.35 |
| Laboratory Parameters | |||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.25 ± 0.55 | 1.37 ± 0.71 | 0.13 |
| GFR (mL/min/m2) | 50.88 ± 12.47 | 49.38 ± 13.68 | 0.25 |
| K+ (mEq/L) | 4.42 ± 0.64 | 4.52 ± 0.70 | 0.19 |
| Na+ (mEq/L) | 139.24 ± 4.98 | 136.6 ± 15.34 | 0.08 |
| HgB (g/dL) | 12.51 ± 2.33 | 13.03 ± 2.05 | 0.08 |
| WBC (tys/L) | 11.08 ± 4.57 | 9.38 ± 3.69 | 0.01 |
| PLT (tys/L) | 250.79 ± 125.85 | 217 ± 68.23 | 0.03 |
| ALT (U/L) | 71.27 ± 270.24 | 81.39 ± 293.31 | 0.43 |
| AST (U/L) | 78.58 ± 235.74 | 125.74 ± 584.00 | 0.31 |
| INR | 1.81 ± 2.55 | 1.77 ± 1.40 | 0.46 |
| TnT (ng/mL) | 0.12 ± 0.23 | 0.05 ± 0.05 | 0.007 |
| Echocardiography | |||
| LVEF (%) | 43.08 ± 15.79 | 37.60 ± 15.33 | 0.02 |
| LAD (mm) | 45.70 ± 7.86 | 49.12 ± 7.04 | 0.006 |
| LAV index (mL/m2) | 58.86 ± 19.69 | 67.86 ± 24.49 | 0.04 |
| E/A | 1.32 ± 0.81 | 1.47 ± 0.93 | 0.25 |
| E/e’ | 15.95 ± 8.15 | 22.32 ± 31.77 | 0.07 |
| NT proBNP (ng/mL) | 8725.17 ± 7777.91 | 7244.95 ± 9570.28 | 0.31 |
NYHA—New York Heart Association class, HFpEF—heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, GFR—glomerular filtration rate, K+—plasma potassium level, Na+—plasma natrium level, HgB—haemoglobin level, WBC—White blood cells count, PLT—Platelet count, ALT—alanine transaminase, AST—aspartate transaminase, INR—international normalised ratio, TnT—troponin T level, NT proBNP—N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, LVEF—left ventricle ejection fraction, LAD—left atrium dimension, LAV index—Left Atrium Volume index, E/A—mitral inflow peak early filling velocity to peak atrial filling velocity ratio, E/e’—mitral inflow peak early filling velocity to mitral annular septal peak early diastolic velocity ratio.