Table 1.

ERP components.

Time Point	ERP Components
Preoperative	Education for caregivers and patients on ERP components and expectations Nutrition screening to determine malnutrition risk and assessment by registered dietitians when needed to provide appropriate interventions Nutrition education provided on preoperative carbohydrate-containing clear beverage consumption (avoidance of prolonged fasting) by advanced care practitioners and registered dietitians
Intraoperative	Opioid minimization Multimodal analgesia Incorporation of regional anesthesia when possible Maintenance of normothermia Goal-directed fluid therapy
Postoperative	Mimization of postoperative drains Early mobilization Early use of physical/occupational therapy Early oral nutrition/diet progression Scheduled multimodal analgesics