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Potential mechanisms of fluoride-based mitochondrial damage. The proposed impact of fluoride exposure is detailed regarding the PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM signaling pathway, p53 deactivation, alterations in neurotransmitter levels, and fission/fusion levels in mitochondria. Fluoride exposure is highlighted in blue; mechanisms of mitochondrial damage are highlighted in green, and outcomes are highlighted in yellow.
