Table 4.
Mineral content [mg/kg, DM] of selected edible aquatic insects and edible terrestrial insects.
| Species | Developmental Stage | Ca | Mg | K | Na | Fe | P | Mn | Cu | Zn | Se | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Edible aquatic insects | ||||||||||||
| Anax parthenope | L | 124.960 | 116.900 | 1591.900 | 1339.760 | 158.210 | - | 6.790 | 4.180 | 74.770 | 0.193 | [57,58] |
| Epophthalmia elegans | L | 90.110 | 101.800 | 1350.790 | 1372.490 | 22.640 | - | 12.050 | 2.460 | 40.410 | 0.223 | [57,58] |
| Crocothemes servillia | L | 865.000 | 370.000 | 2680.000 | 14,100.000 | 113.000 | - | - | 19.000 | 93.000 | - | [30] |
| Lethocerus indicus | L & A | 960.000 | 703.300 | 1700.000 | 8550.000 | 4100.000 | - | - | 11.000 | 295.000 | - | [30] |
| Laccotrephes maculatus | L & A | 665.000 | 460.000 | 5500.000 | 15,000.000 | 250.000 | - | - | 137.000 | 231.500 | - | [30] |
| Cybister tripunctatus | A | 277.000 | 336.000 | 6430.000 | 3050.000 | 73.000 | - | - | 51.000 | 57.500 | - | [30] |
| C. japonicus | A | 3602.820 | 774.520 | 6722.650 | 2251.760 | 148.160 | 5809.000 | 8.700 | 29.370 | 93.990 | 0.360 | [58,74] |
| Hydrophilus olivaceous | A | 243.000 | 990.000 | 3900.000 | 8160.000 | 4610.000 | - | - | 17.000 | 118.000 | - | [30] |
| Hydrous acuminatus | A | 106.700 | 109.200 | 1807.700 | - | 83.200 | 1905.100 | - | - | 29.000 | - | [62] |
| Edible terrestrial insects | ||||||||||||
| Gryllus bimaculatus | A | 1660.850 | 1073.750 | 8607.500 | 3649.450 | 81.800 | 11,696.000 | 66.300 | 36.250 | 232.650 | 0.490 | [32,70] |
| Acheta domesticus | L & A | 1261.150 | 1040.550 | 13,318.700 | 5122.900 | 77.650 | 10,291.150 | 38.100 | 21.200 | 257.400 | 0.500 | [75] |
| Teleogryllus emma | A | 1935.400 | 1524.800 | 8955.000 | 2782.300 | 107.500 | 10,854.000 | 58.600 | 21.900 | 184.700 | - | [32] |
| Tenebrio molitor | L | 504.800 | 2450.800 | 8212.375 | 1047.125 | 98.393 | 8282.233 | 14.170 | 18.138 | 116.660 | 0.377 | [32,75,76] |
| Zophobas morio | L | 420.400 | 1182.900 | 7505.900 | 1128.300 | 39.200 | 5629.500 | 10.200 | 8.600 | 72.900 | 0.300 | [75] |
| Protaetia brevitarsis | L | 2585.600 | 3276.000 | 20,014.000 | 2116.000 | 162.000 | 11,404.000 | 58.900 | 18.200 | 118.900 | - | [32] |
| Allomyrina dichotoma | L | 1234.000 | 2835.600 | 12,491.000 | 1483.800 | 142.600 | 8606.900 | 86.400 | 14.300 | 102.600 | 0.064 | [32,58] |
| Anoplophora chinensis | L | 269.300 | 1881.000 | 5647.000 | 92.850 | 131.280 | 35.020 | 8.980 | 223.640 | 0.050 | [76] | |
| Galleria mellonella | L | 585.500 | 761.400 | 5325.300 | 397.600 | 50.400 | 4698.800 | 3.100 | 9.200 | 61.200 | 0.300 | [75] |
| Bombyx mori | L & P | 1023.100 | 2878.600 | 18,265.900 | 2745.700 | 95.400 | 13,699.400 | 24.900 | 20.800 | 177.500 | 0.575 | [58,75] |
| Antheraea pernyi | P | 234.000 | 707.000 | 4020.000 | 57.400 | 13.400 | - | 2.200 | 2.900 | 30.600 | 0.210 | [77] |
| Vespa velutina | L & P | 388.000 | 639.000 | 7516.000 | 104.000 | 100.000 | 5612.000 | 6.000 | 22.000 | 72.000 | - | [66] |
| Polyrhachis vicina | A | 785.500 | 664.500 | - | - | 858.500 | 4028.500 | 291.000 | 21.500 | 147.500 | 0.335 | [78] |
Note: L = larva, P = pupa, A = adult; “-” = not determined or not estimated; Mineral compositions [mg/kg] of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) were analyzed based on dry matter (DM); if different values were involved in multiple literatures, the mean value was listed.