Table 2.
Adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) comparing Quartiles 1–3 with Quartile 4 (highest) for each dietary pattern with selected sociodemographic and health-related variables. Results from multivariable logistic regression analyses 1.
| Variables | Plant-Based Food | Cereals and Milk | Junk Food | Hot Sweetened Beverages and Spreads | Carnivores | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) |
p | OR (95% CI) |
p | OR (95% CI) |
p | OR (95% CI) |
p | OR (95% CI) |
p | |
| Male vs. female | 0.32 (0.26–0.38) |
<0.0001 | 1.19 )1.00–1.42) |
0.05 | 0.92 (0.76–1.11) |
0.40 | 0.63 (0.52–0.75) |
<0.0001 | 1.40 (1.17–1.67) |
<0.001 |
| Attending middle school class vs. high school class | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) |
0.66 | 1.13 (0.94–1.37) |
0.19 | 1.50 (1.23–1.83) |
<0.0001 | 0.55 (0.46–0.67) |
<0.0001 | 0.94 (0.77–1.13) |
0.49 |
| Hebrew speakers vs. Arabic speakers | 0.68 (0.56–0.83) |
<0.0001 | 1.55 (1.26–1.91) |
<0.0001 | 0.49 (0.41–0.60) |
<0.0001 | 1.98 (1.60–2.46) |
<0.0001 | 2.47 (1.97–3.09) |
<0.0001 |
| Middle–high SES vs. low SES | 1.50 (1.23–1.82) |
<0.0001 | 1.10 (0.91–1.33) |
0.31 | 0.48 (0.40–0.57) |
<0.0001 | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) |
0.66 | 0.85 (0.71–1.03) |
0.09 |
| Height z-score (SD) | 1.15 (1.05–1.25) |
0.002 | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) |
0.78 |
0.91 (0.83–0.99) |
0.04 | 1.07 (0.98–1.16) |
0.16 | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) |
0.15 |
| Normal weight vs. overweight and obese | 0.65 (0.54–0.78) |
<0.0001 | 0.86 (0.71–1.03) |
0.10 | 1.14 (0.94–1.39) |
0.20 | 0.84 (0.70–1.02) |
0.08 | 0.73 (0.61–0.88) |
0.001 |
| Smoking vs. non-smoking | 0.97 (0.67–1.41) |
0.87 | 0.94 (0.66–1.34) |
0.73 | 1.78 (1.27–2.51) |
0.001 | 1.43 (1.04–1.98) |
0.03 | 1.19 (0.85–1.67) |
0.30 |
| Physical activity as recommended vs. less | 1.55 (1.28–1.87) |
<0.0001 | 1.18 (0.98–1.41) |
0.08 | 0.84 (0.69–1.03) |
0.09 | 0.77 (0.63–0.93) |
0.008 | 1.29 (1.07–1.55) |
0.008 |
| Alcohol drink at least once a month vs. less | 1.03 (0.80–1.34) |
0.80 | 0.98 (0.76–1.26) |
0.86 | 1.30 (0.99–1.70) |
0.06 | 1.56 (1.23–1.98) |
0.0003 | 1.09 (0.85–1.40) |
0.52 |
| Fast food consumed 4 times a week or more vs. 3 or fewer | 0.27 (0.14–0.53) |
<0.001 | 0.55 (0.32–0.94) |
0.030 | 2.20 (1.48–3.28) |
<0.001 | 0.83 (0.52–1.35) |
0.46 | 1.82 (1.20–2.77) |
0.005 |
CI, confidence interval; SES, socioeconomic status. 1 Adherence to each dietary pattern (Quartile 4 vs. Quartiles 1–3) adjusted to sex, school level, weight status, height z-score, SES, first language, smoking, physical activity, drinking, fast food intake.