Table 4.
Odds ratios of the isolation of alert pathogens from the ulcers according to clinicodemographic characteristics of the study patients; the results of univariate logistic regression analysis.
| Variable | Alert Pathogens | OR | (−) 95% CI | (+) 95% CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||||
| Age > 65 years | 104 (25.1%) | 78 (23.0%) | 1.12 | 0.80 | 1.57 | 0.501 |
| Female sex | 111 (22.9%) | 71 (26.4%) | 0.83 | 0.59 | 1.17 | 0.288 |
| Underlying disease > 20 years | 99 (25.3%) | 83 (22.9%) | 1.14 | 0.82 | 1.59 | 0.444 |
| Current ulcer > 12 months | 100 (33.9%) | 82 (17.9%) | 2.35 | 1.67 | 3.30 | <0.001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 35 (29.7%) | 147 (23.1%) | 1.40 | 0.91 | 2.16 | 0.130 |
| Arthritis | 62 (26.6%) | 120 (23.1%) | 1.21 | 0.85 | 1.72 | 0.296 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 35 (21.9%) | 147. (24.8%) | 0.85 | 0.56 | 1.29 | 0.445 |
| Atherosclerosis | 18 (18.7%) | 164 (25.0%) | 0.69 | 0.40 | 1.19 | 0.186 |
| Allergy | 6 (40.0%) | 176 (23.8%) | 2.13 | 0.75 | 6.06 | 0.157 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 40 (21.7%) | 142 (25.0%) | 0.84 | 0.56 | 1.24 | 0.376 |
| Kidney disease | 4 (44.4%) | 178 (23.9%) | 2.54 | 0.68 | 9.58 | 0.167 |
| Liver disease | 2 (50.0%) | 180 (24.0%) | 3.16 | 0.44 | 22.60 | 0.251 |
| Comorbidities | 156 (24.1%) | 26 (24.3%) | 0.99 | 0.62 | 1.60 | 0.973 |
| Multiple comorbidities | 40 (24.8%) | 142 (24.0%) | 1.05 | 0.70 | 1.57 | 0.822 |
| Overweight/obesity | 156 (24.6%) | 26 (21.7%) | 1.18 | 0.74 | 1.89 | 0.485 |
| Obesity | 94 (26.5%) | 88 (22.1%) | 1.28 | 0.91 | 1.78 | 0.151 |
| Medial ulceration | 117 (25.6%) | 63 (22.0%) | 1.22 | 0.86 | 1.73 | 0.269 |
| Posterior ulceration | 29 (24.2%) | 151 (24.2%) | 1.00 | 0.63 | 1.57 | 0.987 |
| Anterior ulceration | 34 (26.6%) | 146 (23.7%) | 1.16 | 0.75 | 1.79 | 0.498 |
| Lateral ulceration | 48 (22.2%) | 132 (25.0%) | 0.85 | 0.59 | 1.25 | 0.415 |
| Circumferential ulceration | 9 (37.5%) | 171 (23.8%) | 1.92 | 0.83 | 4.47 | 0.129 |
| Deep ulceration | 165 (25.0%) | 15 (17.9%) | 1.54 | 0.86 | 2.76 | 0.151 |
| Multiple ulcers | 91 (25.6%) | 91 (23.0%) | 1.15 | 0.82 | 1.60 | 0.420 |
| Purulence/abscess | 34 (85.0%) | 148 (20.8%) | 21.63 | 8.91 | 52.50 | <0.001 |
| Unpleasant odor | 96 (93.2%) | 86 (13.2%) | 89.94 | 40.41 | 200.20 | <0.001 |
| Redness | 113 (23.9%) | 69 (24.7%) | 0.96 | 0.68 | 1.35 | 0.807 |
| Swelling | 49 (39.5%) | 133 (21.1%) | 2.44 | 1.62 | 3.66 | <0.001 |
| Warmth | 81 (21.9%) | 101 (26.4%) | 0.78 | 0.56 | 1.09 | 0.152 |
| Pain | 162 (25.2%) | 20 (18.5%) | 1.44 | 0.87 | 2.40 | 0.159 |
| Ulceration area > 8.25 cm2 | 121 (32.4%) | 61 (16.0%) | 2.51 | 1.77 | 3.56 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: OR—odds ratio; 95% CI—95% confidence interval.