Table 1.
Participant characteristics (n = 186).
| Characteristics | Mean (SD) or Frequency (%) | Mean Total CRBS Score (SD) by Characteristic † | t/r | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | |||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 59.5 ± 8.8 | NA | 0.02 | 0.718 | |
| Sex (n, % female) | 45 (24.1) | 1.86 (0.42) | 1.84 (0.49) | 0.25 | 0.795 |
| Marital status ∥ (n, % married) | 155 (83.3) | 1.89 (0.48) | 1.82 (0.42) | 0.73 | 0.462 |
| Educational attainment ∥ (n, % > high school) | 34 (18.2) | 1.69 (0.42) | 1.91 (0.48) | 2.51 | 0.012 |
| Work status ∥ (n, % employed) | 125 (67.2) | 1.84 (0.48) | 1.88 (0.46) | 0.55 | 0.582 |
| Individual income ∥ (n, % > 33,697 CZK/month) | 41 (22.0) | 1.72 (0.45) | 1.90 (0.47) | 2.13 | 0.047 |
| Rurality ∥ (n, % > 30 min commute time to CR one-way by usual mode) | 109 (58.6) | 2.11 (0.44) | 1.58 (0.39) | 8.44 | <0.001 |
| Clinical | |||||
| Referral indication of CAD ° (n, % yes) | 77 (41.3) | 1.92 (0.53) | 1.84 (0.42) | 1.17 | 0.240 |
| Post-acute myocardial infarction (n, % yes) | 99 (53.2) | 1.96 (0.49) | 1.78 (1.20) | 2.53 | 0.012 |
| Angina pectoris (n, % yes) | 22 (11.8) | 1.81 (0.46) | 1.88 (0.47) | 0.63 | 0.526 |
| Current/previous PCI (n, % yes) | 159 (85.4) | 1.93 (0.48) | 1.90 (0.60) | 0.20 | 0.838 |
| Current/previous CABG (n, % yes) | 6 (3.2) | NR | |||
| Current/previous HF (n, % yes) | 3 (1.6) | NR | |||
| Current/previous arrhythmia (n, % yes) | 15 (8.1) | NR | |||
| Current/previous valve issue (n, % yes) | 6 (3.2) | NR | |||
| Risk factors | |||||
| BMI (mean ± SD) | 29.5 ± 4.6 | NA | −0.01 | 0.860 | |
| Waist circumference (mean ± SD) | 106 ± 12 | NA | −0.02 | 0.734 | |
| Family history of CAD ∥ (n, % yes) | 119 (63.9) | 1.75 (0.39) | 2.06 (0.55) | 4.36 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension ∥ (n, % yes) | 117 (62.9) | 1.83 (0.43) | 1.95 (0.53) | 1.63 | 0.104 |
| Dyslipidemia ∥ (n, % yes) | 112 (60.2) | 1.79 (0.45) | 1.99 (0.48) | 2.92 | 0.003 |
| Diabetes ∥ (n, % yes) | 43 (23.1) | 1.83 (0.40) | 1.88 (0.49) | 0.61 | 0.539 |
| Heart-healthy behaviors | |||||
| Physical activity ∥ (n, % inactive §) | 88 (47.3) | 1.90 (0.49) | 1.84 (0.45) | 0.87 | 0.383 |
| Tobacco use ∥ (n, % current) | 72 (38.7) | 1.97 (0.47) | 1.81 (0.47) | 2.36 | 0.019 |
| Use of alcohol ∥ (n, % harmful ‡) | 32 (17.2) | 2.11 (0.52) | 1.83 (0.46) | 3.10 | 0.002 |
| Psychosocial well-being | |||||
| Stress ∥ (VAS, 1–10; mean ± SD) | 4.1 ± 2.4 | NA | −0.11 | 0.111 | |
| Depression and/or anxiety (n, % yes, diag./self-report ∥) | 13 (6.9)/21 (11.2) | NR/1.77 (0.44) | NR/1.88 (0.48) | 1.05 | 0.293 |
| CR utilization | |||||
| Enrollment (n, % yes) | 45 (24.2) | 1.61 (0.46) | 1.96 (0.44) | 4.65 | <0.001 |
| Adherence (mean % of sessions completed ± SD) | 70.8 ± 29.8% | NA | −0.51 | <0.001 | |
| Completion (n, % yes) | 30 (16.1) | 1.41 (0.36) | 1.99 (0.45) | 6.70 | <0.001 |
SD = standard deviation, CRBS = Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale, NA = not applicable because continuous, CR = cardiac rehabilitation, CAD = coronary artery disease, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG = coronary artery bypass graft, NR = not relevant as cell sizes too small, HF = heart failure, BMI = body mass index, VAS = visual analogue scale; ∥ Presents self-report data. All other data measured or extracted from patient charts; † Category shown in column on farthest left in parentheses presented in left-hand column and opposite shown to right. ° Defined as coronary artery stenosis > 50%, primomanifestation. § Defined as > 150/75 min of moderate/vigorous intensity physical activity a week; ‡ Defined as >2 standard drinks a day, or >4 standard drinks on one occasion a week.