Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the cohort.
| Characteristic N = 88 | N (% or range) |
| Age, yr (median) | 30 (19–65) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 86 (97.7) |
| Female | 2 (2.3) |
| HIV status at enrollment | |
| Treatment naïve | 82 (93.2) |
| Treatment experienced | 5 (5.7) |
| HIV negative | 1 (1.1) |
| Sexual orientation | |
| MSM or same sex | 61 (69.3) |
| Heterosexual | 5 (5.7) |
| Bisexual | 8 (9.1) |
| Not reported | 14 (15.9) |
| Social history | |
| Smoking, any | 23 (26.1) |
| Alcohol intake, any | 42 (47.7) |
| Intravenous drug use (IVDU) | 2 (2.3) |
| Co-morbidity (n = 79) | |
| Hypertension | 2 |
| COPD | 1 |
| None | 76 |
| Not reported | 9 |
| Co-infection, untreated (n = 87) | |
| Hepatitis B | 9 (10.3) |
| Hepatitis C | 1 (1.1) |
| Syphilis | 15 (17.2) |
| Opportunistic infection | |
| Tuberculosis | 14 |
| PCP | 12 |
| Baseline laboratory result∗ | |
| CD4 cells/mm3 | 94 (0–2296) |
| VL, copies/mL | 168,473 (<20–1,729,378) |
| Subtype ViroSeq pro-RT (n = 85) | |
| CRF01_AE | 66 |
| B | 14 |
| Potential A/E or other recombinants | 5 |
| HAART† | |
| Yes | 83 |
| No data | 5 |
| HAART Regimen‡ | |
| TDF/3TC/EFV | 77 |
| TDF/3TC/LPV/r | 3 |
| AZT/3TC/LPV/r | 2 |
| AZT/3TC/NVP | 1 |
| Outcome, at 1 yr | |
| Alive | 87 |
| Lost to follow up§ | 19 |
| Dead | 1 |
| Repeat CD4 (n = 39) | 327 (58–1481) |
| Virologic suppression (VL <40; n = 31) | 24 (77.4) |
∗
Viral load using Abbot RealTime HIV-1.
†
HAART initiated after 1st study visit.
‡
HAART regimens were initiated prior to identification of drug resistant mutations.
§
Defined as not obtaining medications from the HIV clinic and/or with no consultation with the attending physician for >1 year.
LEGEND: TDF – Tenofovir, 3TC – Lamivudine, EFV – Efavirenz, LPV/r – Lopinavir-ritonavir, AZT – Zidovudine, NVP- Nevirapine.