Figure 1.

Odds ratios for people wearing a mask during the COVID-19 pandemic. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the group terms gender (men and women), place (mean street, market, neighborhood, and terminal), and age (early, middle, late-middle, and late adulthood). We included the interactions gender × place, and gender × age using a GLMM with a binomial distribution, accounting for the random effect of region, and place nested within the region. There were 36,441 observations included in the model. P-values denote the statistical significance of the model. Men, main streets, and middle adulthood were used as reference terms within their groups denoted as Ref. The vertical dashed line represents the null value (odds ratio = 1.0). Bold values represent statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.