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. 2001 Jun;21(11):3763–3774. doi: 10.1128/MCB.21.11.3763-3774.2001

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2

Vav1 deficiency affects mast cell degranulation and cytokine mRNA levels. (A) Degranulation (percentage of total β-hexosaminidase release) was measured following 30 min of stimulation with various doses of Ag among IgE-sensitized Vav+/+ (squares), Vav+/− (triangles), and Vav−/− (inverted triangles) BMMCs. Values represent an average of six independent dose response experiments per phenotype. Degranulation was also measured following 30 min of stimulation with 250 ng of thapsigargin (inset). (B) Cells of all three phenotypes (as described above) were stimulated with 9 ng of Ag for 0 to 30 min, and the percentage of total β-hexosaminidase release was determined. Values represent an average of four independent kinetic experiments for Vav+/+ and Vav−/− cells and three experiments for Vav+/− cells. For panels A and B, the single asterisks represent P ≤ 0.05 and the double asterisks represent P ≤ 0.01 for Vav+/+ cells compared to Vav−/− cells at that Ag concentration (A) or time point (B), as determined by t test. (C) The kinetics of BMMC cytokine mRNA levels among Vav+/+, Vav+/−, and Vav−/− cells were determined from unstimulated cells (0 h) or cells stimulated for up to 2 h with 1 ng of Ag. Cytokine mRNA levels were determined by RT-PCR as described in Materials and Methods. One representative of five experiments is shown. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha.