Table 3. Association between sleep duration and cause specific mortality (ICD-10): adjusted hazard ratios.
| Sex | Sleep duration (hours/day) |
heart diseases (I10-I15,I20-I25,I27,I30-I52) |
stroke (I60-I69) |
malingant neoplasms (C00-C97) |
external causes (V01-Y89) |
others | |||||||
| No. of death |
Hazard ratio* (95% CI) |
No. of death |
Hazard ratio* (95% CI) |
No. of death |
Hazard ratio* (95% CI) |
No. of death |
Hazard ratio* (95% CI) |
No. of death |
Hazard ratio* (95% CI) |
||||
| Males | - | 5.9 | 3 | 6.2 (1.3-29.5) | 1 | 1.3 (0.2-11.0) | 7 | 3.1 (1.3-7.5) | 4 | 3.1 (1.0-9.7) | 1 | † | |
| 6.0 | - | 6.9 | 6 | 3.8 (1.0-14.7) | 2 | 0.8 (0.2-3.9) | 4 | 0.6 (0.2-1.6) | 5 | 0.9 (0.3-2.7) | 7 | 1.4 (0.6-3.7) | |
| 7.0 | - | 7.9 | 5 | 1.0 (reference) | 8 | 1.0 (reference) | 21 | 1.0 (reference) | 15 | 1.0 (reference) | 13 | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 8.0 | - | 8.9 | 3 | 0.4 (0.1-1.9) | 4 | 0.2 (0.1-0.8) | 51 | 1.4 (0.8-2.4) | 11 | 0.6 (0.3-1.4) | 25 | 1.0 (0.5-2.0) | |
| 9.0 | - | 9 | 1.3 (0.4-4.5) | 19 | 1.2 (0.5-3.0) | 32 | 1.3 (0.7-2.3) | 6 | 0.5 (0.2-1.4) | 27 | 1.3 (0.7-2.6) | ||
| Females | - | 5.9 | 0 | - | 0 | - | 3 | 1.1 (0.3-4.7) | 0 | - | 1 | 1.1 (0.1-8.5) | |
| 6.0 | - | 6.9 | 0 | - | 6 | 3.2 (1.0-10.5) | 15 | 1.5 (0.7-3.0) | 5 | 1.0 (0.3-3.1) | 2 | 0.3 (0.0-2.4) | |
| 7.0 | - | 7.9 | 3 | 1.0 (reference) | 6 | 1.0 (reference) | 24 | 1.0 (reference) | 11 | 1.0 (reference) | 11 | 1.0 (reference) | |
| 8.0 | - | 8.9 | 10 | 7.3 (0.9-58.6) | 9 | 1.4 (0.4-4.3) | 30 | 1.2 (0.7-2.1) | 6 | 0.5 (0.2-1.4) | 13 | 0.9 (0.4-2.1) | |
| 9.0 | - | 15 | 15.9 (2.0-128.8) | 8 | 2.5 (0.8-8.2) | 14 | 1.1 (0.5-2.3) | 3 | 0.4 (0.1-2.0) | 11 | 1.3 (0.5-3.4) | ||
* : Hazard ratios adjusted for age, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, body mass index, smoking habits, alcohol drinking habits, education, and marital status.
CI : confidence interval
† : uncalculable because of only one death in this category whoes data about education are missing.
- : no deaths in the category.