Figure 2: The fold change in the frequency of cytokine+ T cell subsets in response to HIV peptides in the presence of antibodies to immune checkpoints (ICs) relative to isotype control.

CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell subsets collected from PWH on ART were incubated with antibodies to ICs either alone (red), as dual combinations (blue) or a cocktail of six antibodies (green) following incubation with overlapping peptides to either gag or nef and the frequency of cells expressing CD107a, IFNγ, TNFα and IL-2 quantified. The fold change relative to isotype control for some combinations of IC antibodies is shown for (A) Gag-stimulated CD4⁺, (B) Gag-stimulated CD8⁺, (C) Nef-stimulated CD4⁺ and (D) Nef-stimulated CD8⁺ T-cell subsets. Only IC antibodies alone or in combination, that have a statistically significant effect on the fold change production of cytokine relative to isotype control are shown. Data is summarised with box plots indicating the median and inter-quartile range for the 9 participants. Asterisks indicate the significant differences between the specific antibody combination and the respective IgG isotype control (s). Statistical significance was determined by Wilcoxon Signed-Rank tests. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005