Table 3.
Sample characteristics and rate of vaccine refusal by subgroups.
| Vaccine refusal irrespective of attributes, n (%) | Accept at least one vaccine alternative in DCE, n (%) | Overall, n (%) | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unstandardized rate | Standardized ratea | Unstandardized rate | Standardized ratea | |||
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| 18–29 | 288 (37.7) | 36.8 | 477 (62.4) | 63.2 | 765 (43.2) | <0.001** |
| 30–44 | 164 (27.2) | 27.1 | 439 (72.8) | 72.9 | 603 (34.0) | |
| 45–59 | 49 (15.1) | 14.5 | 276 (84.9) | 85.5 | 325 (18.3) | |
| 60–64 | 13 (16.3) | 16.2 | 67 (83.8) | 83.8 | 80 (4.5) | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 178 (26.0) | 21.8 | 508 (74.1) | 78.2 | 686 (38.7) | 0.025* |
| Female | 336 (30.9) | 25.1 | 751 (69.1) | 75.0 | 1,087 (61.3) | |
| Education level | ||||||
| Below bachelor degree | 215 (27.5) | 22.4 | 568 (72.5) | 77.6 | 783 (44.2) | 0.206 |
| Bachelor degree or above | 299 (30.2) | 24.9 | 691 (69.8) | 75.1 | 990 (55.8) | |
| Occupation | ||||||
| Professional/associated professional | 220 (29.6) | 23.9 | 523 (70.4) | 76.1 | 743 (41.9) | <0.001** |
| Clerical/service/sale | 129 (32.0) | 27.2 | 274 (68.0) | 72.8 | 403 (22.7) | |
| Blue-collar worker | 28 (22.8) | 20.8 | 95 (77.2) | 79.2 | 123 (6.9) | |
| Unemployed | 23 (34.3) | 30.0 | 44 (65.7) | 70.0 | 67 (3.8) | |
| Students/intern | 84 (34.2) | 33.8 | 162 (65.9) | 66.2 | 246 (13.9) | |
| Others | 30 (15.7) | 14.7 | 161 (84.3) | 85.4 | 191 (10.8) | |
| Monthly household income | ||||||
| Below $30,000 | 214 (27.3) | 22.1 | 570 (72.7) | 77.9 | 784 (44.2) | 0.161 |
| $30,000 or above | 300 (30.3) | 24.8 | 689 (69.7) | 75.2 | 989 (55.8) | |
| Household size | ||||||
| Living alone | 38 (34.6) | 31.5 | 72 (65.5) | 68.5 | 110 (6.2) | 0.258 |
| 2–3 ppl | 234 (27.6) | 21.0 | 615 (72.4) | 79.1 | 849 (47.9) | |
| 4+ ppl | 242 (29.7) | 25.4 | 572 (70.3) | 74.6 | 814 (45.9) | |
| Any chronic condition | ||||||
| No | 468 (29.5) | 24.4 | 1,118 (70.5) | 75.6 | 1,586 (89.5) | 0.162 |
| Yes | 46 (24.6) | 19.1 | 141 (75.4) | 80.9 | 187 (10.6) | |
| Know anyone diagnosed with COVID-19 | ||||||
| No | 416 (28.2) | 22.8 | 1,060 (71.8) | 77.2 | 1,476 (83.3) | 0.095 |
| Yes | 98 (33.0) | 28.3 | 199 (67.0) | 71.7 | 297 (16.8) | |
| Perceived “likely/very likely” to be infected | ||||||
| No | 302 (29.8) | 23.6 | 710 (70.2) | 76.5 | 1,012 (57.1) | 0.362 |
| Yes | 212 (27.9) | 23.7 | 549 (72.1) | 76.3 | 761 (42.9) | |
| Perceived “slightly severe/very severe” if get infected COVID-19 | ||||||
| No | 264 (30.7) | 25.3 | 597 (69.3) | 74.7 | 861 (48.6) | 0.132 |
| Yes | 250 (27.4) | 22.0 | 662 (72.6) | 78.0 | 912 (51.4) | |
| Previous influenza vaccination | ||||||
| No | 445 (31.0) | 26.3 | 992 (69.0) | 73.7 | 1,437 (81.1) | <0.001** |
| Yes | 69 (20.5) | 14.1 | 267 (79.5) | 85.9 | 336 (19.0) | |
| “Usually” received vaccine information from social media | ||||||
| No | 227 (27.4) | 21.4 | 603 (72.7) | 78.6 | 830 (46.8) | 0.153 |
| Yes | 287 (30.4) | 25.8 | 656 (69.6) | 74.2 | 943 (53.2) | |
| “Usually” received vaccine information from family/friends | ||||||
| No | 351 (30.0) | 24.8 | 821 (70.1) | 75.2 | 1,172 (66.1) | 0.214 |
| Yes | 163 (27.1) | 21.5 | 438 (72.9) | 78.5 | 601 (33.9) | |
| “Usually” received vaccine information from workplace | ||||||
| No | 333 (30.6) | 25.2 | 757 (69.5) | 74.8 | 1,090 (61.5) | 0.067 |
| Yes | 181 (26.5) | 21.1 | 502 (73.5) | 78.9 | 683 (38.5) | |
| “Usually” received vaccine information from government's official source | ||||||
| No | 378 (32.8) | 28.1 | 773 (67.2) | 71.9 | 1,151 (64.9) | <0.001** |
| Yes | 136 (21.9) | 17.4 | 486 (78.1) | 82.6 | 622 (35.1) | |
| Doctor's recommendation for vaccination | ||||||
| No | 489 (29.9) | 24.7 | 1,147 (70.1) | 75.3 | 1,636 (92.3) | 0.004* |
| Yes | 25 (18.3) | 12.5 | 112 (81.8) | 87.6 | 137 (7.7) | |
| Total | 514 (29.0) | 23.6 | 1,259 (71.0) | 76.4 | 1,773 (100.0) | |
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.001.
a
The standardized rate were calculated using direct method based on age and sex distribution of Hong Kong working-age population.