Table 1.
Demographic data and disease-related variables of participants.
| Ulcerative colitis | Crohn's disease | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | Number of patients | 241 | 210 |
| Sex (male/female) | 129/112 | 158/52 | |
| Age at enrollment (years), median (IQR) | 50 (39–63) | 44 (34–50) | |
| Age at diagnosis (years), median (IQR) | 31 (24–42) | 25 (19–33) | |
| Disease duration (years), median (IQR) | 13 (7–23) | 13 (6–24) | |
| 6-point Mayo score before the declaration of the state of emergency | 0 (0–1) | ||
| 6-point Mayo score during the state of emergency | 0 (0–1) | ||
| PRO2 score before the declaration of the state of emergency | 6 (0–11) | ||
| PRO2 score during the state of emergency | 9 (4–15) | ||
| Lifestyle during the state of emergency | Sleeping time (hours/day), mean (IQR) | 6 (6–7) | 6 (6–7) |
| Working time (hours/week), median (IQR) | 12 (0–40) | 8 (0–8.75) | |
| Walking time (hours/day), median (IQR) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | |
| Exercise time (minutes/week), median (IQR) | 0 (0–120) | 10 (0–40) | |
| Number of meals per day, median (IQR) | 3 (3–3) | 3 (2–3) | |
| Increased smoking | 1 (0.4%) | 14 (6.7%) | |
| Increased alcohol intake | 29 (12.0%) | 23 (11.0%) | |
| Deterioration of drug-adherence | 3 (1.2%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Stress related to the state of emergency† | Stress due to childcare burden | 2 (0.8%) | 0 (0%) |
| Stress due to COVID-19 | 14 (5.8%) | 7 (3.3%) | |
| Stress due to family budget | 10 (4.1%) | 3 (1.4%) | |
| Stress due to inability to exercise | 21 (8.7%) | 10 (4.8%) | |
| Stress due to staying indoors | 25 (10.4%) | 18 (8.6%) | |
| Stress due to inflammatory bowel disease | 7 (2.9%) | 3 (1.4%) | |
| Stress due to worsening of diet and nutritional status | 5 (2.1%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Medication | Mesalamine | 214 (88.8%) | 123 (58.6%) |
| Enteral nutrition | 0 (0%) | 66 (31.4%) | |
| Corticosteroids | 8 (3.3%) | 8 (3.8%) | |
| Immunomodulators (azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine) | 64 (26.6%) | 70 (33.3%) | |
| Anti-TNF therapy | 31 (12.9%) | 109 (51.9%) | |
| Ustekinumab | 0 (0%) | 26 (12.4%) | |
| Vedolizumab | 11 (4.6%) | 7 (3.3%) | |
| Tofacitinib | 6 (2.5%) | not approved in Japan* | |
| Molecularly targeted therapies** | 48 (19.9%) | 141 (67.1%) |
†
“Stress related to the state of emergency” was defined as newly emerging stress during the state of emergency.
*
Tofacitinib is not approved for the treatment of Crohn's disease in Japan.
**
“Molecularly targeted therapies” include anti-TNF therapy, ustekinumab, vedolizumab, and tofacitinib. IQR, interquartile range; COVID-19, coronavirus disease; PRO2, patient-reported outcome 2; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.