Table 1.
The demographic characteristics and the biochemical indicators of subjects.
| DM | NPDR | PDR | Control | F/χ2 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 21) | (N = 33) | (N = 22) | (N = 28) | |||
| Age, y [mean ± SD or median (interquartile range)] | 59.62 ± 7.57 | 59.76 ± 7.43 | 55.00 ± 6.63 | 53 (48.62) | 2.259a | 0.086 |
| Gender, female (N) (%) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (44.1) | 11 (50.0) | 17 (60.7) | 1.720c | 0.633 |
| Duration of Hypertension≥15 years/Duration of Hypertension <15 years | 6/10 | 14/18 | 5/16 | – | 2.197c | 0.333 |
| Duration of DM (mean ± SD) | 11.58 ± 5.41 | 15.24 ± 7.51 | 14.32 ± 6.50 | – | 1.808a | 0.171 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L (mean ±SD) | 8.10 ± 2.36 | 8.50 (6.35, 10.07) | 8.06 ± 2.49 | – | 0.836b | 0.658 |
| HbA1c, % (mean ± SD) | 8.02 ± 1.81 | 7.93 ± 1.25 | 8.46 ± 1.69 | – | 0.775a | 0.464 |
| RT, μm (mean ± SD) | 282.17 ± 13.31 | 289.05 ± 20.54 | 293.43 ± 34.23 | 277.60 ± 14.56 | 2.663a | 0.052 |
*Statistically significant: P ≤ 0.05. According to the type of data and the data distribution, aone-way ANOVA analysis, Post-hoc Bonferroni's statistic, bKruskal–Wallis test, and cChi-square test were applied.
SD, standard deviation; HbA1c, hemoglobin a1c; RT, retinal thickness; DM, diabetes mellitus; NPDR, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy.