Table 1.

DMRS Hierarchy of defense categories, levels, and individual defense mechanisms adapted from Perry et al. (71).

I. Mature
7 High adaptive Level (Mature): affiliation, altruism, anticipation, humor, self-assertion, self-observation, sublimation, suppression
II. Neurotic
6 Obsessional Level: intellectualization, isolation of affect, undoing
5 Other neurotic level: repression, dissociation and reaction formation, displacement
III Immature
4 Minor-image distorting level: devaluation of self or object images, idealization of self or object images, omnipotence
3 Disavowal Level: denial, projection, rationalization
2 Major image-distorting level: splitting of other's images, splitting of self-images, projective identification
1 Action level: acting out, hypochondrias, passive-aggression