Table 4.
List of selected potential biomarker candidates.
| Protein-ID | Protein Name | Cataract Control (Spc) |
Single (Spc) | Multiple of Change (Spc) | Cataract Control (Spc) | Double (Spc) | Multiple of Change (Spc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q99460 | 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 | 0.76 ± 1.18 | 2.99 ± 0.91 | 3.93 | 0.76 ± 1.18 | 2.95 ± 1.90 | 3.88 |
| P02763 | Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 | 3.26 ± 3.45 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 3.26 ± 3.45 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P19652 | Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 | 2.06 ± 1.89 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 2.06 ± 1.89 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P01011 | Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin | 2.87 ± 2.07 | 0.32 ± 0.52 | 0.11 | 2.87 ± 2.07 | 0.26 ± 0.74 | 0.09 |
| P02765 | Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 2.14 ± 1.72 | −100 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 4.30 ± 2.08 | −100 |
| P02647 | Apolipoprotein A-I | 3.88 ± 4.11 | 10.49 ± 2.19 | 2.68 | 3.88 ± 4.11 | 9.41 ± 6.49 | 2.43 |
| P02652 | Apolipoprotein A-II | 0.09 ± 0.26 | 2.09 ± 1.33 | 23.22 | 0.09 ± 0.26 | 2.26 ± 1.52 | 25.11 |
| P02749 | Beta-2-glycoprotein 1 | 1.90 ± 1.49 | 0.09 ± 0.27 | 0.05 | 1.90 ± 1.49 | 0.33 ± 0.63 | 0.17 |
| P36222 | Chitinase-3-like protein 1 | 5.39 ± 2.93 | 1.15 ± 1.87 | 0.21 | 5.39 ± 2.93 | 0.71 ± 0.88 | 0.13 |
| Q13822 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 | 3.63 ± 3.78 | 0.11 ± 0.34 | 0.03 | 3.63 ± 3.78 | 0.14 ± 0.41 | 0.04 |
| P22352 | Glutathione peroxidase 3 | 1.15 ± 1.23 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 1.15 ± 1.23 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| Q14789 | Golgin subfamily B member 1 | 0.54 ± 0.71 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 0.54 ± 0.71 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P02790 | Hemopexin | 21.12 ± 8.44 | 1.56 ± 1.62 | 0.07 | 21.12 ± 8.44 | 2.67 ± 3.40 | 0.13 |
| P0DOX5 | Immunoglobulin gamma-1 heavy chain | 34.76 ± 6.08 | 10.24 ± 4.37 | 0.29 | 34.76 ± 6.08 | 10.58 ± 5.89 | 0.3 |
| P01859 | Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2 | 21.29 ± 3.52 | 5.29 ± 3.57 | 0.25 | 21.29 ± 3.52 | 6.27 ± 4.97 | 0.3 |
| P01860 | Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 | 22.01 ± 4.99 | 6.75 ± 3.30 | 0.31 | 22.01 ± 4.99 | 6.98 ± 4.25 | 0.32 |
| P01861 | Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 4 | 15.02 ± 3.42 | 4.14 ± 2.88 | 0.28 | 15.02 ± 3.42 | 4.92 ± 2.49 | 0.33 |
| P01780 | Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3–7 | 2.46 ± 2.13 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 2.46 ± 2.13 | 0.25 ± 0.72 | 0.1 |
| A0A0B4J1Y9 | Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3–72 | 1.67 ± 1.09 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 1.67 ± 1.09 | 0.13 ± 0.36 | 0.08 |
| A0A0B4J1X5 | Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3–74 | 2.08 ± 1.99 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 2.08 ± 1.99 | 0.25 ± 0.72 | 0.12 |
| A0A0B4J1U7 | Immunoglobulin heavy variable 6–1 | 1.16 ± 1.28 | 0.09 ± 0.27 | 0.08 | 1.16 ± 1.28 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P01834 | Immunoglobulin kappa constant | 16.50 ± 5.02 | 2.75 ± 2.24 | 0.17 | 16.50 ± 5.02 | 2.94 ± 2.81 | 0.18 |
| P0DOX7 | Immunoglobulin kappa light chain | 12.23 ± 3.03 | 2.75 ± 2.24 | 0.23 | 12.23 ± 3.03 | 2.94 ± 2.81 | 0.24 |
| P0CG04 | Immunoglobulin lambda constant 1 | 4.74 ± 1.71 | 2.29 ± 1.75 | 0.48 | 4.74 ± 1.71 | 1.66 ± 1.20 | 0.35 |
| P0DOX8 | Immunoglobulin lambda-1 light chain | 4.74 ± 1.71 | 2.29 ± 1.75 | 0.48 | 4.74 ± 1.71 | 1.66 ± 1.20 | 0.35 |
| B9A064 | Immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 5 | 4.74 ± 1.71 | 2.29 ± 1.75 | 0.48 | 4.74 ± 1.71 | 1.66 ± 1.20 | 0.35 |
| Q16270 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 | 3.52 ± 1.34 | 1.83 ± 1.03 | 0.52 | 3.52 ± 1.34 | 1.09 ± 1.28 | 0.31 |
| P01033 | Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 | 0.78 ± 0.80 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 0.78 ± 0.80 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P61916 | NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 2 | 1.05 ± 0.89 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 1.05 ± 0.89 | 0.20 ± 0.58 | 0.19 |
| Q92520 | Protein FAM3C | 1.50 ± 1.23 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 1.50 ± 1.23 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P02753 | Retinol-binding protein 4 | 2.09 ± 0.97 | 0.71 ± 1.30 | 0.34 | 2.09 ± 0.97 | 0.86 ± 0.96 | 0.41 |
| O75326 | Semaphorin-7A | 0.98 ± 1.59 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 0.98 ± 1.59 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P02787 | Serotransferrin | 74.79 ± 23.85 | 31.40 ± 9.50 | 0.42 | 74.79 ± 23.85 | 30.22 ± 9.85 | 0.4 |
| P00441 | Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] | 2.93 ± 1.87 | 0.19 ± 0.41 | 0.06 | 2.93 ± 1.87 | 0.25 ± 0.72 | 0.09 |
| P05452 | Tetranectin | 2.53 ± 1.41 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 2.53 ± 1.41 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 |
| P25311 | Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein | 8.92 ± 2.57 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | 8.92 ± 2.57 | 0.52 ± 1.12 | 0.06 |
| P06727 | Apolipoprotein A-IV | 0.11 ± 0.32 | 5.51 ± 4.11 | 50.09 | |||
| P02649 | Apolipoprotein E | 1.04 ± 1.80 | 3.92 ± 2.74 | 3.77 | |||
| O43809 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 5 | 0.98 ± 0.68 | 0.21 ± 0.68 | 0.21 | |||
| P01619 | Immunoglobulin kappa variable 3–20 | 1.06 ± 1.34 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0 | |||
| P24592 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6 | 1.88 ± 1.31 | 0.23 ± 0.72 | 0.12 | |||
| Q9UBM4 | Opticin | 0.09 ± 0.26 | 0.64 ± 0.74 | 7.11 | |||
| P0CG47 | Polyubiquitin-B | 1.54 ± 1.41 | 0.10 ± 0.33 | 0.06 | |||
| P0CG48 | Polyubiquitin-C | 1.54 ± 1.41 | 0.10 ± 0.33 | 0.06 | |||
| Q9ULS6 | Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily S member 2 | 0.11 ± 0.32 | 0.65 ± 0.75 | 5.91 | |||
| P62979 | Ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a | 1.54 ± 1.41 | 0.10 ± 0.33 | 0.06 | |||
| P62987 | Ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 | 1.54 ± 1.41 | 0.10 ± 0.33 | 0.06 | |||
| P61769 | Beta-2-microglobulin | 5.22 ± 2.45 | 2.02 ± 1.83 | 0.39 | |||
| P0C0L4 | Complement C4-A | 0.41 ± 0.82 | 2.16 ± 2.53 | 5.27 | |||
| P0C0L5 | Complement C4-B | 0.41 ± 0.82 | 2.16 ± 2.53 | 5.27 | |||
| P41222 | Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase | 11.39 ± 1.97 | 8.00 ± 1.65 | 0.71 |
Single risk, patients with the DM or smoking risk factor; double risk, patients with both the DM and smoking risk factors; control, cataract patients with neither of these cataract risk factors; Spc, spectral count.