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. 2021 Dec 16;18(24):13258. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413258

Table 2.

Effects of training on the circulating concentrations of IL-6 in sedentary adults with overweight or obesity.

Study Subjects Experimental Conditions Training Protocol Pre- vs. Post-Training Differences
Fat Mass (%) IL-6 (pg/mL)
Esposito et al. 2003 Women (20 to 46 yr) (n = 120) EC1: ET (35.0 ± 2.3 kg/m2; n = 60)
EC2: Control (34.7 ± 2.4 kg/m2; n = 60)		 24 months
Aerobic games, swimming, and walking		 NR EC1: 4.3 (1.9–9.0) vs. 2.9 (1.1–6.5) *,# EC2: 4.1 (2.0–9.0) vs. 3.8 (2.1–8.9)
Bruun et al. 2005 Men (n = 11) & Women (n = 12) (NR yr) EC1: ET (45.8 ± 1.9 kg/m2; n = 23) 15 weeks
5 days/week
2–3 h/session
Moderate intensity (NR)		 EC1: 46.0 ± 2.5 vs. 41.1 ± 2.3 * EC1: 4.6 ± 0.6 vs. 3.4 ± 0.6 *
Dvorakova-Lorenzova et al. 2005 Women (25 to 35 yr) (n = 40) EC1: ET (31.5 ± 4.0 kg/m2; n = 40) 9 weeks
6 days/week
45–60 min/session
Aerobic exercises 130–135 HR		 NR EC1: 9.01 ± 6.47 vs. 11.25 ± 7.21
Klimcakova et al. 2006 Men (50.4 ± 2.3 yr) (n = 12) EC1: RT (33.6 ± 1.2 kg/m2; n = 12) 12 weeks
3 days/week
60 min/session
17 exercises, 1 × 12−15 at 60–70% RM		 EC1: 31.6 ± 4.9 vs. 30.1 ± 4.2 EC1: 1.4 ± 0.7 vs. 1.5 ± 0.6
Polak et al. 2006 Women (40.4 ± 6.7 yr) (n = 25) EC1: ET (32.2 ± 2.2 kg/m2; n = 25) 12 weeks
5 days/week
45 min/session
Cycling at 55–65% VO2max 		EC1: 38.8 ± 4.2 vs. 36.3 ± 4.6 * EC1: 3.1 ± 3.7 vs. 1.4 ± 1.5
Olson et al. 2007 Women (24 to 44 yr) (n = 28) EC1: RT (26.9 ± 3.0 kg/m2; n = 16)
EC2: Control (27 ± 3 kg/m2; n = 12)		 1 year
2 days/week
~9 exercises (3 × 8−10)		 EC1: 43.4 ± 3.7 vs. 41.5 ± 4.7
EC2: 44.8 ± 4.4 vs. 43.0 ± 4.9		 EC1: 2.8 ± 1.8 vs. 2.0 ± 0.7
EC2: 2.4 ± 0.9 vs. 2.5 ± 1.3
Christiansen et al. 2010 Men (n = 40) and Women (n = 34) (18 to 45 yr) EC1: ET (33.3 ± 4.0 kg/m2; n = 25) 12 weeks
3 days/week
60–75 min/session (500–600 kcal)		 NR EC1: 3.2 ± 2.4 vs. 2.5 ± 1.6
Leggate et al. 2012 Men (23.7 ± 5.2 yr) (n = 12) EC1: HIIT (29.1 ± 3.1 kg/m2; n = 12) 2 weeks
3 days/week
HIIT 10 × (4 min 85% VO2peak + NR R)		 NR EC1: 3.1 ± 3.0 vs. 2.6 ± 2.2
Auerbach et al. 2013 Men (20 to 40 yr) (n = 48) EC1: ET (28.1 ± 1.3 kg/m2; n = 12)
EC2: Control (28.1 ± 1.3 kg/m2; n = 12)		 12 weeks
7 days/week
65–85% HRR (600 kcal)		 EC1: 31.3 ± 4.1 vs. 29.4 ± 3.8 *
EC2: 31.3 ± 4.1 vs. 31.1 ± 3.5		 EC1: 15 ± 27 vs. 14.6 ± 25.2 EC2: 15 ± 27 vs. 12.7 ± 26
Besse-Patin et al. 2013 Men (35.4 ± 1.5 yr) (n = 11) EC1: ET (32.6 ± 2.3 kg/m2; n = 11) 8 weeks
5 days/week
45–60 min/session
Cycling or running 35–85% VO2max 		NR EC1: ~6.2 ± 4.0 vs. ~5.0 ± 2.0
Ho et al. 2013 Men (n = 10) & Women (n = 87) (40 to 65 yr) EC1: ET (32.7 (25.0–45.6) kg/m2; n = 15)
EC2: RT (33.0 (25.8–44.6) kg/m2; n = 16)
EC3: Concurrent training (33.3 (23.4–40.2) kg/m2; n = 17)
EC4: Control (32.4 (26.0–48.0) kg/m2; n = 16)		 12 weeks
5 days/week
30 min/session
EC1: treadmill at 60% HRR
EC2: 5 exercises (4 × 8−12 at 10 RM, R = 60 s)
EC3: 15 min treadmill 60% HRR + 5 exercises (2 × 8−12 at 10 RM, R = 60 s)		 EC1: 44.6 (30.7–52.5) vs. NR
EC2: 43.7 (34.6–52.2) vs. NR
EC3: 45.8 (28.8–55.5) vs. NR
EC4: 46.5 (35.9–9.9) vs. NR		 EC1: 2.5 (0.0–8.5) vs. ~2.0 ± 0.7
EC2: 2.3 (0.0–7.4) vs. ~1.7 ± 0.5
EC3: 2.3 (0.0–12.4) vs. ~2.8 ± 1.1
EC4: 3.0 (0.0–13.1) vs. ~2.3 ± 0.9
Lakhdar et al. 2013 Women (~38 yr) (n = 30) EC1: ET (33.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2; n = 10) 24 weeks
3 days/week
Treadmill 30–45 min at 55–80% HRmax 		EC1: 41.3 ± 1.2 vs. 41.1 ± 1.3 EC1: 6.87 ± 0.24 vs. 6.75 ± 0.27
Loria-Kohen et al. 2013 Men (n = 46) and Women (n = 46) (18 to 50 yr) EC1: RT (29.5 ± 2.0 kg/m2; n = 19)
EC2: ET (28.9 ± 1.7 kg/m2; n = 25)
EC3: Concurrent training (28.3 ± 1.5 kg/m2; n = 22)		 22 weeks
3 days/week
EC1: 8 exercise (1 × 15 at 50–60% 15 RM (R = 15 s)
EC2: treadmill or cycle 50–60% HRR
EC3: treadmill or cycle 50–60% HRR + 8 exercise (1 × 15 at 50–60% 15 RM (R = 15 s)		 EC1: 40.2 ± 6.7 vs. 36.1 ± 7.7 * EC2: 39.8 ± 5.6 vs. 35.3 ± 6.8 * EC3: 37.5 ± 6.0 vs. 30.0 ± 7.6 * EC1: 2.60 (2.28–3.75) vs. 2.70 (1.97–4.90)
EC2: 4.89 (3.42–7.89) vs. 4.44 (3.32–5.34)
EC3: 2.45 (0.13–3.65) vs. 2.11 (0.11–3.67)
Ahmadizad et al. 2015 Men (25 ± 1 yr) (n = 30) EC1: HIIT (27.6 ± 1.9 kg/m2; n = 10)
EC2: ET (27.6 ± 1.9 kg/m2; n = 10)
EC3: Control (27.6 ± 1.9 kg/m2; n = 10)		 6 weeks
3 days/week
EC1: 8 × (4–6 min at 90% VO2max + 2–3 min R)
EC2: 30–70 min at 50–60% VO2max 		EC1: 24.2 ± 2.1 vs. 23.2 ± 2.1 *,# EC2: 26.2 ± 2.3 vs. 25.1 ± 2.3 *,# EC3: 25.4 ± 2.1 vs. 26.4 ± 2.0 EC1: ~0.5 ± 0.3 vs. ~0.4 ± 0.3
EC2: ~0.5 ± 0.4 vs. ~0.4 ± 0.3
EC3: ~0.5 ± 0.4 vs. ~0.5 ± 0.4
Brunelli et al. 2015 Men (48.7 ± 1.0 yr) (n = 30) EC1: Concurrent training (31.0 ± 0.4 kg/m2; n = 17)
EC2: Control (31.0 ± 0.4 kg/m2; n = 13)		 24 weeks
3 days/week
6 exercise (3 × 6−10 rep RM (R = 1 min)) + 30 min running 50–85% VO2peak 		EC1: 36.0 ± 1.4 vs. 28.6 ± 1.6 * EC2: 32.3 ± 1.7 vs. 31.1 ± 1.8 EC1: ~1.9 ± 0.2 vs. ~1.8 ± 0.1
EC2: ~1.6 ± 0.1 vs. ~2.4 ± 0.2
Vella et al. 2017 Men (n = 7) and Women (n = 10) (18 to 44 yr) EC1: HIIT (29.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2; n = 8)
EC2: ET (33.1 ± 6.0 kg/m2; n = 9)		 8 weeks
4 days/week
30 min/session
EC1: 10 × (60 s at 75–80% HRR + 60 s at 35–40% HRR)
EC2: 55–59% HRR		 EC1: 35.2 ± 6.8 vs. NR
EC2: 35.3 ± 7.2 vs. NR		 EC1: 0.5 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 # EC2: 1.0 ± 0.3 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2
Duzova et al. 2018 Women (~38.5 yr) (n = 25) EC1: ET-steps (25.7 ± 0.8 kg/m2; n = 10)
EC2: ET-walking (29.0 ± 1.3 kg/m2; n = 15)		 12 weeks
5 days/week
EC1: steps aerobics 40–60 min 80% HRmax
EC2: jogging-walking 50–60 min 80% HRmax 		EC1: 31.23 ± 1.76 vs. 27.33 ± 1.96
EC2: 35.81 ± 1.76 vs. 32.67 ± 1.91		 EC1: 11.24 ± 1.3 vs. 10.5 ± 1.4 EC2: 9.40 ± 0.67 vs. 16.6 ± 6.1

EC = experimental condition; ET = Endurance training; HIIT = high intensity interval training; HRR = heart rate reserve; HRmax = maximal heart rate; R = rest between series; RM = maximal repetition; RT = Resistance training; VO2peak = peak oxygen uptake; NR = not reported; ~ = estimated data. * p < 0.05 within group comparison; # p < 0.05 between groups comparison (vs control); some data are presented as median (interquartile range). Data are shown as mean ± SD.