Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the propensity score-matched study population.
| Baseline Characteristics | All (n = 4888) | LAMA (n = 2444) | ICS/LABA (n = 2444) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observational period, days | 733.92 ± 634.14 | 801.46 ± 698.29 | 666.39 ± 554.84 | <0.001 |
| Age, years | 69.7 ± 7.9 | 69.6 ± 7.9 | 69.7 ± 7.9 | 0.53 |
| 55 to <65 | 1396 (29) | 697 (29) | 699 (29) | |
| 65 to <75 | 2106 (43) | 1068 (44) | 1038 (42) | |
| 75+ | 1386 (28) | 679 (28) | 707 (29) | |
| Sex, male | 3676 (75) | 1854 (76) | 1822 (75) | 0.29 |
| Income level | ||||
| 1st quartile | 768 (16) | 376 (15) | 392 (16) | 0.77 |
| 2nd quartile | 634 (13) | 311 (13) | 323 (13) | |
| 3rd quartile | 935 (19) | 473 (19) | 462 (19) | |
| 4th quartile | 1641 (34) | 838 (34) | 803 (33) | |
| Medical aid | 910 (19) | 446 (18) | 464 (19) | |
| History of COPD exacerbation | ||||
| None | 3648(75) | 1831 (75) | 1817 (74) | 0.88 |
| 1 moderate | 485 (10) | 87 (7) | 247 (10) | |
| ≥2 moderate OR ≥ 1 severe | 755 (15) | 375 (15) | 380 (16) | |
| History of asthma | ||||
| No | 2530 (52) | 1263 (52) | 1267 (52) | 0.91 |
| Yes | 2358 (48) | 1181 (48) | 1177 (48) | |
| History of pneumonia | ||||
| No | 4377 (90) | 2179 (89) | 2198 (90) | 0.37 |
| Yes | 511 (10) | 265 (11) | 246 (10) | |
| mCCI | 2.0 ± 1.8 | 1.9 ± 1.8 | 2.0 ± 1.8 | 0.19 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; ICS/LABA, inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting beta-2 agonist; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; mCCI, modified Charlson Comorbidity Index.