Table 3.
Mean normalized ANMS GCSI-DD scores across all time-points for n = 10 participants in the study, with Composite (1) score for (Nausea/Vomiting); Composite (2) score for (Post-prandial Fullness/Early Satiety) and Composite (3) score for Bloating/Distension.
| Mean Normalized ANMS GCSI-DD Scores ± (SD) (n = 10) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptom Subscale (Composite No.) |
GCSI-DD (Symptom) |
Baseline Mean (Pre-Meal Scores) * |
Water (Negative Control) |
Psyllium Husk (Positive Control) |
PHGG (Test Fibre 1) |
Gum Arabic (Test Fibre 2) |
|
Nausea/Vomiting (1) |
Nausea | 1.55 (1.15) | 0.04 (1.22) | 0.90 (0.73) | 1.00 (1.41) | 0.12 (0.72) |
| Retching | 0.45 (0.83) | −0.31 (1.03) | 0.04 (0.63) | 0.71 (1.47) | 0.05 (0.13) | |
| Vomiting | 0.40 (0.81) | −0.37 (1.11) | 0.60 (1.16) | 0.85 (1.33) | 0.05 (0.13) | |
|
Post-prandial Fullness/Early Satiety (2) |
Stomach Fullness | 2.43 (1.91) | 0.17 (1.22) | 1.40 (1.22) | 0.35 (1.04) | 0.40 (0.95) |
| Early Satiety * | 3.35 (0.91) | −0.78 (0.97) | 0.88 (0.64) ** | −0.38 (1.69) | 0.43 (0.98) | |
| Post-prandial Fullness * | 3.83 (0.73) | −0.22 (0.83) | 0.25 (0.46) | 0.00 (0.53) | 0.29 (0.76) | |
| Loss of Appetite | 2.58 (1.82) | −0.41 (0.92) | 1.10 (1.51) ** | 0.63 (1.02) ** | 1.17 (1.52) ** | |
|
Bloating/Distension (3) |
Bloating | 2.10 (1.68) | −0.17 (0.70) | 1.52 (1.14) ** | 0.44 (0.94) | 0.50 (0.64) **, *** |
| Belly Visibly Larger | 1.88 (1.77) | −0.17 (0.60) | 1.27 (1.09) ** | 0.35 (0.71) | 0.12 (0.44) *** | |
| Composite Scores | Composite (1) | 0.80 (1.06) | −0.22 (1.10) | 0.51 (0.48) ** | 0.85 (1.30) | 0.07 (0.29) |
| Composite (2) | 3.04 (1.50) | −0.31 (0.65) | 0.91 (0.70) ** | 0.15 (0.75) *** | 0.57 (0.64) **, *** | |
| Composite (3) | 1.99 (1.68) | −0.17 (0.56) | 1.40 (1.09) ** | 0.40 (0.82) | 0.31 (0.48) **, *** | |
(*) Reported mean baseline scores (0 min) are patient-rated (n = 10), before each study session and not normalized, with early satiety and post-prandial fullness measured once immediately after the meal. (**) Indicates significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) vs water (negative control). (***) Indicates significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) vs psyllium husk (positive control).