Table 1.
Applications of nanoparticle in N2B delivery for treatment of epilepsy.
| Drug | Nanocarrier | Lipids | Surfactant/Co-Surfactant | Surface Modification | Size, nm | Z-Potential, mV |
PDI | EE, % |
DTE, % |
DTP, % |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Letrozole | Nanoemulsion | Triacetin | Tween 80, | PEG-400 | 95.59 ± 2.34 | 0.162 ±0.012 | 97.37 ± 1.13 | - | - | [120] | |
| Carbamazepine | Nanoemulgel | Oleic acid | Labrasol | Xanthan gum | 45–146 | - | - | - | - | - | [155] |
| Diazepam | PLGA Nanoparticle | - | Poloxamer 407 | 183.2 | - | - | 87.8 | 258 | 61.3 | [156] | |
| Oxcarbazepine | PLGA Nanoparticle | - | Tween 80 | - | 256.16 ± 2.94 | −15.12 ± 0.36 | 0.144 ± 0.024 | 85.1 ± 2.1 | - | - | [157] |
| Emulsome | Triolein | Tween 80 | 120.4 ± 1.45 * 101.5 † |
−34.1 ± 1.27 * −6.72 † |
0.36 * - |
81.19 ± 2.3 * - |
265.7 | 62.3 | [158] | ||
| Amiloride | Nanoemulsion | Oleic acid | Tween-80/Carbitol | 89.36 ± 11.18 | −9.83 ± 0.12 | 0.231 ± 0.018 | 98.28 ± 0.29 | 1993 ± 46 | 586.2 ± 11.6 | [159] | |
| Thyrotropin-release hormone | PLA Nanoparticle | - | PVA | - | 108 ± 12 | - | - | - | - | - | [160] |
| Lorazepam | PLGA Nanoparticle | - | Poloxamer 407 | 168.2 | −18.4 | 0.08 | 83.8 | [161] | |||
| Lamotrigine | Liposome | Phospholipon 90G/Cholesterol | Tween 80 | - | 88.90 ± 1.56 | - | 0.247 ± 0.04 | 68.75 ± 0.02 | - | - | [162] |
Abbreviations: PDI: polydispersity index; EE: Encapsulation efficiency; DTE: Drug targeting efficiency; DTP: Direct transport percentage; PEG: polyethylene glycol; PLA: Poly (D,L-Lactic acid); PLGA: poly lactic-co-glycolic acid; PVA: polyvinyl alcohol. * Without Tween80; † With Tween 80.