Table 2.
Applications of nanoparticles in N2B delivery for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
| Drug | Nano-Carrier | Lipids | Surfactant/Co-Surfactant | Surface Modification | Size, nm |
Z-Potential, mV |
PDI | EE, % |
DTE, % |
DTP, % |
Ref. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tarenflurbil | PLGA Nanoparticle | - | PF-68 | - | 133.13 ± 7.82 | −30.25 ± 2.11 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 64.11 ± 2.21 | 287.24 | 65.18 | [139] | ||
| SLN | Glyceryl monostearate/Stearic acid/Soy lecithin | Tween 20 | - | 169.87 ± 10.98 | −23.13 ± 2.32 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 57.81 ± 5.32 | 183.15 | 45.41 | ||||
| Donepezil | Liposome | DSPC/Cholesterol | - | PEG | 102 ± 3.3 | -28.31 ± 0.85 | 0.28 ± 0.03 | 84.91 ± 3.31 | - | - | [99] | ||
| Chitosan Nanosuspension | - | - | - | 150–200 | - | 0.341 | 92–96 | - | - | [178] | |||
| PLGA Nanoparticle | - | PVA/Tween 80 | - | 89.67 ± 6.43 | −36 ± 1.05 | 0.013 ± 0.002 | 88.65 ± 2.51 | - | - | [179] | |||
| Galantamine | Thiolated Chitosan Nanoparticle | - | - | - | 148.2–150 | +27.2 | 0.216–0.225 | 87.65–89 | - | - | [180] | ||
| Liposome | SPC/Cholesterol | - | Propylene glycol | 112 ± 8 | −49.2 ± 0.7 | - | 83.6 ± 1.8 | - | - | [181] | |||
| SLN | Compritol 888 ATO | PF-127/Tween 80 | - | 92.0 ± 3.51 | −17.22 ± 1.1 | 0.380 ± 0.16 | 83.42 ± 0.63 | - | - | [182] | |||
| Memantine | Nanoemulsion | Labrasol | Tween 20/Propylene glycol | ~11 | -19.6 | 0.080 | - | 158.78 | 37.05 | [183] | |||
| Pioglitazone | NLC | Capmul MCM/Tripalmitin | PF 68/Tween 80 | - | 211.4 ± 3.54 | +14.9 ± 1.09 | 0.257 ± 0.108 | 70.18 ± 4.5 | - | - | [184] | ||
| Huperzine A | PLGA Nanoparticle | - | PVA | TMC/Lactoferrin | 153.2 ± 13.7 | +35.6 ± 5.2 | 0.229 ± 0.078 | 73.8 ± 5.7 | - | - | [185] | ||
| Rivastigmine | Chitosan Nanoparticle | - | - | - | 185.4 ± 8.4 | +38.4 ± 2.85 | 0.391 ± 0.065 | 85.3 ± 3.5 | 355 ± 13.5 | 71.80 ± 6.7 | [186] | ||
| Liposome | EPC/cholesterol | - | DSPE-PEG/CPP | 178.9 ± 11.7 | −8.6 ± 2.4 | 0.333 ± 0.032 | 30.5 ± 8.0 | - | - | [187] | |||
| BACE1 SiRNA | SLN | Witepsol E 85 | PVA | RVG-9R/Chitosan | 335.76 ± 34.81 * 358.44 ± 25.89 # |
−17.31 ± 0.68 * + 10.54 ± 0.75 # |
0.013 ± 0.00 * 0.028 ± 0.02 # |
- - |
- | - | [188] | ||
| R-flurbiprofen | Albumin Nanoparticle | - | - | - | 284.4 ± 14.9 | - | 0.404 ± 0.065 | - | - | - | [189] | ||
Abbreviations: PDI: polydispersity index; EE: Encapsulation efficiency; DTE: Drug targeting efficiency; DTP: Direct transport percentage; BACE1: beta-secretase 1; DSPC: Distearoylphosphatidylcholine; DSPE: 1, 2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine; EPC: Egg phosphatidylcholine; NLC: nanostructured lipid carrier; PEG: polyethylene glycol; PF: Pluronic F; PLGA: poly lactic-co-glycolic acid; PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; RVG-9R: rabies virus glycoprotein -9 arginine; SiRNA: small interfering RNA; SLN: solid lipid nanoparticle; SPC: soya phosphatidylcholine; TMC: N-trimethyl chitosan. * without chitosan; # coated with chitosan.