Table 2.

Study design and intervention details of the included studies.

Author	Study Design	AMSC-Based Therapy	Administration Method	Control	Cell Count
Freitag et al., 2020 (Pilot) [56]	Pilot case series	Autologous abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection at 1 week at 6 months (after arthroscopic abrasion arthroplasty)	N/A	5.21 × 106
Freitag et al., 2020 [57]	Prospective case series	Autologous abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection at 1 week at 6 months (after arthroscopic abrasion arthroplasty)	N/A	5.21 × 106
Hong et al., 2019 [59]	Double blind randomized self-controlled trial	Autologous abdominal SVF	Intra-articular injection at cartilage lesion site (with arthroscopic debridement)	HA injection	SVF cell density (7.45 ± 3.73 × 106/mL)
Jo et al., 2014 [55], 2017 [54]	Dose-escalation Cohort study	Autologous abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection	Comparison between high, med, low dose	Low: 1.00 × 107 Medium: 5.00 × 107 High: 1.00 × 108
Kim et al., 2015 [60]	Single cohort	Autologous gluteal AMSCs	Implantation onto fibrin glue scaffold over lesion site (with debridement)	N/A	4.01 × 106
Koh et al., 2013 [61]	Therapeutic case series	Autologous infrapatellar fat pad AMSCs	Intra-articular injection (with PRP)	N/A	1.18 × 106
Koh et al., 2014 [62]	Retrospective Case Series	Autologous gluteal AMSCs	Implantation (with debridement)	N/A	3.80 × 106
Koh et al., 2016 [63]	Randomized prospective comparative study	Autologous gluteal SVF	Intra-articular injection (with microfracture)	Microfracture	4.97 × 106
Kyriakidis et al., 2020 [64]	Case series	Autologous hypogastric derived AMSCs	Implantation onto three-dimensional matrix	N/A	Cells identified as AMSCs but not counted
Lapuente et al., 2020 [65]	Retrospective non-controlled study	Autologous abdominal SVF	Intra-articular injection	N/A	3.21 × 106
Lee et al., 2019 [66]	Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial	Autologous abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection	Normal saline injection	1.00 × 108
Lu et al., 2019 [58]	Randomized double blind active-controlled controlled trial	Autologous abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection at week 0 and 3	HA injection	5.00 × 107
Pers et al., 2016 [67]	Single-arm, open-label, dose-escalating	Autologous AMSCs	Intra-articular injection	N/A	Low: 2.00 × 106 Medium: 1.00 × 107 High: 5.00 × 107
Simunec et al., 2020 [68]	Comparative case series	Autologous SVF	Intra-articular injection (with PRP)	N/A	4.24–10.2 × 106
Spasovski et al., 2018 [69]	Single-arm, open-label	Autologous abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection	N/A	0.500–1.00 × 107
Song et al., 2018 [70]	Randomized double-blinded dose-escalating Phase I trial with Open Phase IIa trial	Autologous AMSCs	Intra-articular injection	N/A	Low: 1.00 × 107 Medium: 2.00 × 107 High: 5.00 × 107
Zhao et al., 2019 [71]	Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial	Allogeneic abdominal AMSCs	Intra-articular injection	Comparison between high, med, low dose	Low: 1.00 × 107 Medium: 2.00 × 107 High: 5.00 × 107
Zhou et al., 2021 [72]	Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial	Autologous infrapatellar fat pad SVF	Intra-articular injection	Knee arthroscopic therapy	3.91 × 106

Abbreviations: AMSCs, Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells; SVF, Stromal Vascular Fraction; PRP, Platelet-rich Plasma.