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. 2021 Dec 20;13(12):4563. doi: 10.3390/nu13124563

Table 1.

Study population characteristics according to SSB consumption.

Characteristics Total Sample SSB Consumption p Value
0 Time/Week 1 Time/Week ≥2 Times/Week
n 6387 2271 (35.6) 1918 (30.0) 2198 (34.4)
Age (years) 8.6 ± 1.5 8.4 ± 1.5 8.5 ± 1.5 8.9 ± 1.5 <0.0001
Sex <0.0001
  Boys 3410 (53.4) 1121 (49.4) 1019 (53.1) 1270 (57.8)
  Girls 2977 (46.6) 1150 (50.6) 899 (46.9) 928 (42.2)
Siblings 0.090
  0 2701 (42.4) 922 (40.8) 814 (42.5) 965 (44.0)
  ≥1 3666 (57.6) 1338 (59.2) 1102 (57.5) 1226 (56.0)
Monthly household income 0.053
  <5000 RMB 848 (13.3) 298 (13.2) 259 (13.6) 291 (13.3)
  5000–7999 RMB 1366 (21.5) 478 (21.1) 410 (21.4) 478 (21.8)
  8000–11,999 RMB 1299 (20.4) 428 (18.9) 385 (21.0) 486 (22.2)
  ≥12,000 RMB 2250 (35.3) 813 (36.0) 700 (36.5) 737 (33.6)
  Refused to answer 604 (9.5) 243 (10.8) 162 (8.5) 199 (9.1)
Parental education 0.310
  Below senior high school 181 (2.8) 60 (2.7) 57 (3.0) 64 (2.9)
  Senior high school 659 (10.4) 228 (10.1) 179 (9.3) 252 (11.5)
  College 1164 (18.3) 405 (17.9) 369 (19.3) 390 (17.8)
  University or above 4363 (68.5) 1567 (69.3) 1311 (68.4) 1485 (67.8)
Parental smoking status <0.0001
  Never smokers 3716 (58.4) 1423 (38.3) 1116 (30.0) 1177 (31.7)
  Former smokers 749 (11.8) 233 (31.1) 224 (29.9) 292 (39.0)
  Current smokers 1902 (29.9) 604 (31.8) 576 (30.3) 722 (38.0)
Outdoor exercise 0.975
  <1 h/day 2743 (43.1) 965 (35.2) 838 (30.6) 940 (34.3)
  1–1.9 h/day 2807 (44.1) 1001 (35.7) 836 (29.8) 970 (34.6)
  2–4 h/day 609 (9.6) 215 (35.3) 180 (29.6) 214 (35.1)
  >4 h/day 208 (3.3) 144 (69.9) 39 (18.9) 23 (11.2)
BMI (kg/m2) 16.8 ± 3.0 16.6 ± 3.0 16.7 ± 2.9 17.1 ± 3.1 <0.0001
Fried food (times/week) 0.8 ± 1.0 0.4 ± 0.8 0.7 ± 0.8 1.2 ± 1.2 <0.0001
Fish or fish products (times/week) 3.0 ± 2.1 2.9 ± 2.1 2.9 ± 2.0 3.1 ± 2.1 0.0001
Milk, or dairy-products (times/week) 6.5 ± 3.3 6.5 ± 7.0 6.3 ± 3.3 6.6 ± 3.2 0.014

Note: Descriptive statistics are presented as mean (standard deviation) and number (percentage) for continuous and categorical. variables, respectively. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverages.