TABLE 6.
Subgroup analysis for the effects of probiotics on HbAlc.
| Subgroup | No. of trials | No. of participants | I 2 (%) | Pooled SMD [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probiotics dose | ||||
| ≥ 1010 CFU/day | 4 | 232 | 0 | −0.23 [−0.49, 0.03] |
| < 1010 CFU/day | 4 | 186 | 56.3 | −0.12 [−0.57, 0.33] |
| NR | 2 | 81 | 0 | −0.28 [−0.72, 0.16] |
| Probiotics strain | ||||
| Single | 5 | 216 | 42.6 | −0.06 [−0.42, 0.30] |
| Multiple | 4 | 243 | 0 | −0.28 [−0.53, −0.02] |
| NR | 1 | 40 | 0 | −0.42 [−1.05, 0.20] |
| Duration of intervention | ||||
| ≤8 weeks | 5 | 216 | 0 | −0.24 [−0.51, 0.03] |
| >8 weeks | 5 | 283 | 45.5 | −0.14 [−0.47, 0.19] |
| Method of administration | ||||
| Powder/capsule | 4 | 227 | 6.6 | −0.29 [−0.57, −0.02] |
| Food | 5 | 238 | 12.0 | −0.14 [−0.41, 0.14] |
| NR | 1 | 34 | 100.0 | 0.12 [−0.55, 0.79] |