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CNMs ameliorated E. coli O157-induced epithelial function damage in IPEC-J2 cells. Monolayer IPEC-J2 cells were cultured with or without CNMs in the absence or presence of E. coli O157. LDH release (A) and TEER (B) were determined. Data are the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. Means with different lowercase letters differ significantly (p < 0.05).
