Figure 3.

Renoprotective effects of M. oleifera against inflammation. The expression of C-reactive protein (CRP), which activates NF-kB in the cytosol, is linked to stress factors. TNF-, Il-6, Il-1B, iNOS, and COX-2 are all activated when NF-kB enters the nucleus and binds to DNA. All of these elements have been linked to the development of inflammation. NO is activated even more by iNOS. NO is thought to be a pro-inflammatory mediator that causes inflammation. In the cytosol, M. oleifera suppressed the expression of CRP and NF-kB. It also boosted cortisol, adrenaline, NK, and Treg cells, which helped reduce inflammation. Anti-inflammatory hormones Cortisol and Adrenaline Both NK cells and Treg cells are anti-inflammatory regulators.