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. 2021 Nov 24;10(12):1537. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10121537

Table 3.

Characteristics of included studies.

Type Authors (Journal & Year) NCT Number Phase Participants Vaccination Procedures Outcome Measures on Safety and Immunogenicity Storage
Protein Keech et al. (N Engl J Med 2020) [18] 04368988 1 131 Intramuscular injections of NVX-CoV2373 (5, 25 μg) at day 0 or/and 21 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; anti-S antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Richmond et al. (Lancet 2021) [19] 04405908 1 151 Intramuscular injections of SCB-2019 (3, 9, or 30 μg) at days 0 and 21 Local and systemic AEs; anti-SCB-2019 antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Yang et al. (Lancet Infect Dis 2021) [20] 04445194 & 04466085 1 & 2 950 Intramuscular injections of ZF2001 at day 0, 30, 60 for phase 1 trial, and at day 0, 30 or day 0, 30, 60 for phase 2 trial Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Chappell (Lancet Infect Dis 2021) [21] 04495933 1 120 Intramuscular injections of S-clamp vaccine (5, 15, or 45 μg) at days 0 and 28 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; Anti-clamp antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Goepfert et al. (Lancet Infect Dis 2021) [22] 04537208 1 & 2 441 Intramuscular injections of CoV2 preS dTM (1.3 or 2.6 μg) at day 1 for one dose or day 1 and 28 for two doses Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
RNA Anderson et al. (N Engl J Med 2020) [23] 04283461 1 40 Intramuscular injections of mRNA-1273 (25 or 100 μg) at days 1 and 29 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S-2P antibody; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody −20 °C or 2–8 °C
Chu et al. (Vaccine 2021) [24] 04405076 2 600 Intramuscular injections of mRNA-1273 (50 or 100 μg) at days 1 and 29 Local and systemic AEs; Anti-S antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −20 °C or 2–8 °C
Jackson et al. (N Engl J Med 2020) [25] 04283461 2 45 Intramuscular injections of mRNA-1273 (25, 100, 250 μg) at days 1 and 29 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; anti-S-2P antibody; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −20 °C or 2–8 °C
Mulligan et al. (Nature 2020) [26] 04368728 1 & 2 45 Intramuscular injection of BNT162b1 (10, 30 μg) at day 0 and 21 or BNT162b1 (100 μg) at day0 Local and systemic AEs; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −80 °C
Sahin et al. (Nature 2020) [27] 04368728 1 & 2 60 Intramuscular injections of BNT162b1 (1, 10, 30, 50 μg) at day 1 and 22 or BNT162b1 (60 μg) at day 1 Local and systemic AEs; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −80 °C
Walsh et al. (N Engl J Med 2020) [28] 04368728 1 & 2 195 Intramuscular injections of BNT162b1 or BNT162b2 (10, 20, 30 μg) at day 0 and 21 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S1 antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −80 °C
DNA Tebas et al. (EClinicalMedicine 2021) [29] 04336410 1 40 Intrdermal injections of INO-4800 (1, 2 mg) at weeks 0 and 4 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Viral vector Zhu et al. (Lancet 2020a) [30] 04313127 1 108 Intramuscular injection of adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (5 × 1010, 1 × 1011, and 1.5 × 1011 viral particles) at day 0 Local and systemic AEs; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody N/A
Folegatti et al. (Lancet 2020) [31] 04324606 1 & 2 1077 Intramuscular injections of AZD1222 (5 × 1010 viral particles) at days 0 and 28 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; anti-Spike antibody; SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody −80 °C or 2–8 K22
Barrett et al. (Nat Med 2021) [32] 04324606 1 & 2 52 Intramuscular injections of AZD1222 (5 × 109 or 2.5 × 1010 viral particles) at days 0 and 28 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S antibody; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −80 °C or 2–8 °C
Zhu et al. (Lancet 2020b) [33] 04341389 2 508 Intramuscular injection of adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine (5 × 1010 or 1 × 1011 viral particles) at day 0 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody N/A
Ramasamy et al. (Lancet 2021) [34] 04400838 2 & 3 560 Intramuscular injections of AZD1222 (2.2 × 1010 or 3.5–6.5 × 1010 viral particles) at days 0 and 28 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S antibody; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody −80 °C or 2–8 °C
Sadoff et al. (N Engl J Med 2021) [35] 04436276 1 & 2 805 Intramuscular injections of Ad26.COV2.S (5 × 1010 or 1 × 1011 viral particles) at day 1 or/and day 57 Local, systemic, and severe unsolicited AEs; Anti-S antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Stephenson et al. (JAMA 2021) [36] 04436276 1 25 Intramuscular injections of Ad26.COV2.S (5 × 1010 or 1 × 1011 viral particles) at day 1 or/and day 57 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; Anti-S antibody; Anti-RBD antibody SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Logunov et al. (Lancet 2020) [37] 04436471 & 04437875 1 & 2 76 Intramuscular injections of rAd26-S and rAd5-S at day 0 for phase 1 trial, and at day 0 and 21 for phase 2 trial Local and systemic AEs; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody Frozen: −18 °C & lyophilized: 2–8 °C
Inactivated virus Zhang et al. (Lancet Infect Dis 2021) [38] 04352608 1 & 2 744 Intramuscular injections of CoronaVac (3 or 6 μg) at day 0 and 14 or 28 for phase 1or phase 2 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; Anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Wu et al. (Lancet Infect Dis 2021) [39] 04383574 1 & 2 422 Intramuscular injections of inactivated CN02 strain at day 0 and 28 for phase 1 trial (3, 6 μg), and at day 0 for phase 2 trial (1.5, 3, 6 μg) Local and systemic AEs; SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Che et al. (Clin Infect Dis 2020) [40] 04412538 2 750 Injections of inactivated virus (100 EU or 150 EU viral antigen) at day 0 and boost at day 14 or 28 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody N/A
Pu et al. (Vaccine 2021) [41] 04412538 1 192 Intramuscular injections of inactivated virus with a D614G mutation in the S protein (50, 100, or 150 EU) at days 0 and 14 or 28. Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; Anti-S antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody N/A
Ella et al. (Lancet Infect Dis 2021a) [42] 04471519 1 375 Intramuscular injections of BBV152 (3 or 6 μg) at days 0 and 14 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S antibody; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Ella et al. (Lancet Infect Dis 2021b) [43] 04471519 2 380 Intramuscular injections of BBV152 (3 or 6 μg) at days 0 and 28 Local and systemic AEs; anti-S antibody; anti-RBD antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C
Virus-like particle Ward et al. (Nat Med 2021) [44] 04450004 1 180 Intramuscular injections of CoVLP (3.75, 7.5, or 15 μg) at days 0 and 21 Local, systemic, and unsolicited AEs; Anti-S antibody; SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody 2–8 °C