| CAF | cancer-associated fibroblast |
| CSC | cancer stem cells |
| EMT | epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| LIF | Leukemia inhibitory factor |
| LIF-R | LIF receptor |
| TME | tumor microenvironment |
| JAk | Janus kinase |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| STAT | signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| TGF | transforming growth factor |
| FGF | fibroblast growth factor |
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