Table 4.
(A) Factors associated with a negative and undecided intention to vaccinate in children < 12 years. (B) Factors associated with a negative and undecided intention to vaccinate in children ≥ 12 years.
| (A) | ||||||
|
Intention of Parents to Immunize Children
(Group Age: <12 Years) |
||||||
| No | Undecided | |||||
| Coef. | p | 95% CI | Coef. | p | 95% CI | |
| Parent completing the survey (Ref: Father) | ||||||
| Mother | 1.26 | 0.489 | 0.66–2.39 | 1.25 | 0.362 | 0.77–2.03 |
| Respondent’s age | 1.00 | 0.952 | 0.96–1.03 | 1.01 | 0.664 | 0.98–1.03 |
| Area/region (Ref: Northern Italy) | ||||||
| Central Italy | 0.72 | 0.365 | 0.35–1.47 | 1.02 | 0.959 | 0.54–1.92 |
| Southern Italy | 1.39 | 0.545 | 0.48–4.07 | 1.49 | 0.379 | 0.61–3.65 |
| Respondent’s education (Ref: Primary or secondary school certificate) | ||||||
| High school certificate | 1.25 | 0.757 | 0.31–5.06 | 1.30 | 0.681 | 0.37–4.50 |
| University degree or more | 1.16 | 0.827 | 0.30–4.48 | 1.12 | 0.852 | 0.34–3.71 |
| Number of household members | 0.90 | 0.634 | 0.58–1.39 | 1.10 | 0.580 | 0.78–1.57 |
| Number of children (Ref: 1 child) | ||||||
| 2 | 1.24 | 0.489 | 0.67–2.28 | 1.30 | 0.359 | 0.77–2.06 |
| 3 or more | 1.09 | 0.886 | 0.34–3.55 | 0.95 | 0.908 | 0.38–2.38 |
| Underlying disease in at least one household member (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.55 | 0.130 | 0.25–1.20 | 1.40 | 0.176 | 0.86–2.29 |
| Respondent’s and/or other household member’s history of COVID-19 (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.33 | 0.331 | 0.75–2.37 | 0.88 | 0.617 | 0.53–1.45 |
| Respondent’s COVID-19 vaccination (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.01 | 0.976 | 0.69–1.46 | 1.59 | 0.006 | 1.14–2.22 |
| Respondent’s flu vaccination 2020/21 season (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.29 | <0.001 | 0.18–0.45 | 0.57 | 0.001 | 0.41–0.79 |
| Perceived risk of getting COVID-19 in children (Ref: No risk/lower/I do not know) | ||||||
| Similar/higher | 0.45 | <0.001 | 0.29–0.69 | 0.65 | 0.012 | 0.46–0.91 |
| Perceived risk of COVID-19 hospitalization in children (Ref: No risk/lower/I do not know) | ||||||
| Similar/higher | 0.14 | <0.001 | 0.07–0.30 | 0.38 | <0.001 | 0.24–0.60 |
| Perceived risk of children affected by COVID-19 transmitting the virus compared to adults (Ref: No risk/lower/I do not know) |
||||||
| Similar/higher | 0.47 | 0.015 | 0.30–0.86 | 1.43 | 0.239 | 0.79–2.60 |
| Perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines (Ref: Lower than 70%) | ||||||
| Higher than 70% | 0.22 | <0.001 | 0.14–0.34 | 0.45 | <0.001 | 0.31–0.67 |
| Vaccines do not cause major side effects (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.15 | <0.001 | 0.06–0.35 | 0.33 | <0.001 | 0.21–0.52 |
| Vaccines are dangerous (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 60.96 | <0.001 | 7.76–479.03 | 4.59 | 0.158 | 0.56–38.18 |
| (B) | ||||||
|
Intention of Parents to Immunize Children
(Group Age: ≥12 Years) |
||||||
| No | Undecided | |||||
| Coef. | p | 95% CI | Coef. | p | 95% CI | |
| Parent completing the survey (Ref: Father) | ||||||
| Mother | 0.33 | 0.016 | 0.13–0.81 | 0.66 | 0.286 | 0.30–1.42 |
| Respondent’s age | 0.91 | 0.025 | 0.84–0.99 | 0.95 | 0.114 | 0.89–1.01 |
| Area/region (Ref: Northern Italy) | ||||||
| Central Italy | 0.59 | 0.378 | 0.18–1.91 | 4.60 | 0.024 | 1.22–17.37 |
| Southern Italy | 0.90 | 0.926 | 0.09–9.06 | 2.86 | 0.388 | 0.26–31.06 |
| Respondent’s education (Ref: Primary or secondary school certificate) | ||||||
| High school certificate | 2.25 | 0.433 | 0.30–17.18 | 3.03 | 0.189 | 0.58–15.87 |
| University degree or more | 5.42 | 0.102 | 0.72–40.95 | 2.74 | 0.234 | 0.52–14.37 |
| Number of household members | 0.93 | 0.771 | 0.55–1.55 | 0.74 | 0.162 | 0.49–1.13 |
| Number of children (Ref: 1 child) | ||||||
| 2 | 0.79 | 0.636 | 0.30–2.10 | 0.61 | 0.234 | 0.27–1.37 |
| 3 or more | 0.49 | 0.380 | 0.10–2.39 | 1.11 | 0.871 | 0.32–3.90 |
| Underlying disease in at least one household member (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.00 | 0.996 | 0.37–2.75 | 0.63 | 0.235 | 0.29–1.35 |
| Respondent’s and/or other household member’s history of COVID-19 (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.95 | 0.909 | 0.39–2.30 | 1.66 | 0.162 | 0.82–3.39 |
| Respondent’s COVID-19 vaccination (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.78 | 0.448 | 0.41–1.48 | 2.00 | 0.012 | 1.17–3.43 |
| Respondent’s flu vaccination 2020/21 season (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.51 | 0.124 | 0.22–1.20 | 0.78 | 0.428 | 0.43–1.43 |
| Perceived risk of getting COVID-19 in children (Ref: No risk/lower/I do not know) | ||||||
| Similar/higher | 0.59 | 0.196 | 0.27–1.31 | 0.57 | 0.069 | 0.31–1.04 |
| Perceived risk of COVID-19 hospitalization in children (Ref: No risk/lower/I do not know) | ||||||
| Similar/higher | 0.15 | 0.057 | 0.02–1.06 | 0.30 | 0.031 | 0.10–0.90 |
| Perceived risk of children affected by COVID-19 transmitting the virus compared to adults (Ref: No risk/lower/I do not know) |
||||||
| Similar/higher | 0.36 | 0.041 | 0.13–0.96 | 0.60 | 0.285 | 0.23–1.53 |
| Perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines (Ref: Lower than 70%) | ||||||
| Higher than 70% | 0.12 | <0.001 | 0.05–0.28 | 0.38 | 0.003 | 0.20–0.73 |
| Vaccines do not cause major side effects (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 0.34 | 0.181 | 0.07–1.65 | 0.38 | 0.062 | 0.13–1.05 |
| Vaccines are dangerous (Ref: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 45.10 | <0.001 | 5.42–374.93 | 5.16 | 0.154 | 0.54–49.25 |