Table 3.
Effects of Imunit on developmental time (Mean ± SE) of Spodoptera cilium offspring generation (F1).
| Life Stage | Treatments | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | LC30 | LC50 | |
| Egg (d) | 4.03 ± 0.04 c | 4.20 ± 0.04 b | 4.78 ± 0.04 a |
| First-instar larvae (d) | 4.02 ± 0.01 c | 4.28 ± 0.04 b | 4.44 ± 0.05 a |
| Second-instar larvae (d) | 4.09 ± 0.03 b | 4.22 ± 0.04 b | 4.62 ± 0.05 a |
| Third-instar larvae (d) | 4.03 ± 0.03 a | 4.08 ± 0.03 a | 4.12 ± 0.05 a |
| Fourth-instar larvae (d) | 4.07 ± 0.04 c | 4.42 ± 0.06 b | 4.96 ± 0.26 a |
| Fifth-instar larvae (d) | 4.16 ± 0.04 b | 4.55 ± 0.27 b | 5.23 ± 0.10 a |
| Pupae (d) | 5.33 ± 0.05 b | 9.88 ± 0.12 a | 9.50 ± 0.34 a |
| Pre-adult (d) | 29.63 ± 0.09 c | 34.56 ± 0.18 b | 37.67 ± 0.33 a |
| Adult (d) | 7.91 ± 0.08 a | 3.81 ± 0.53 b | 3.83 ± 0.91 b |
| Oviposition (d) | 5.61 ± 0.17 a | 2.00 ± 0.00 b | 1.00 ± 0.00 c |
| APOP 1 (d) | 1.14 ± 0.07 c | 2.67 ± 0.33 b | 3.33 ± 0.33 a |
| TPOP 2 (d) | 30.61 ± 0.16 c | 37.33 ± 0.33 b | 41.00 ± 0.00 a |
| Fecundity (eggs/female) | 728.21 ± 85.70 a | 306.33 ± 82.28 b | 195.0 ±55.0 c |
| Adult longevity (male) (d) | 37.52 ± 0.17 b | 37.77 ± 0.68 b | 40.75 ± 1.38 a |
| Adult longevity (female) (d) | 37.57 ± 0.21 c | 41.00 ± 0.58 b | 43.00 ± 0.57 a |
| Total longevity (all individuals) (d) | 35.43 ± 0.407 a | 28.18 ± 0.690 b | 27.09 ± 0.88 b |
Standard errors were estimated by using the bootstrap technique with 100,000 resampling. Means followed by the same letter within a row are not significantly different using the paired bootstrap test based on the confidence interval of difference (p < 0.05). 1 Adult pre-oviposition period, time between adult emergence and first oviposition. 2 Total pre-oviposition period, time from birth to first reproduction in female.