Figure 18.

(a) The measured IPCE of the device as a function of wavelength at various temperatures. (b) The open-circuit voltage and electron density of the device. Reproduced with permission from Reference [169]. Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry. (c) The energy scheme of PVSK solar cells with MXene back electrode. (d) The measured PCE of the device under ambient conditions. Reproduced with permission from Reference [170]. Copyright 2019, Royal Society of Chemistry. (e) The Nyquist plots of the device, (a) CuSe/Ti₃C₂-15 mg CE, (b) CuSe/Ti₃C₂-30 mg CE, (c) CuSe/Ti₃C₂-60 mg CE, (d) CuSe CE, (f) Ti₃C₂ CE. Reproduced with permission from Reference [172]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier B.V. (f) The measured PCE under ambient condition. Reproduced with permission from Reference [171]. Copyright 2020, Royal Society of Chemistry. (g) The fabrication process of Ti₃C₂/CuS counter electrodes via the ion-exchange method. (h) The measured IPCE of the various counter electrodes. Reproduced with permission from Reference [173]. Copyright 2020, Royal Society of Chemistry. (i) The fabrication process of MXene-based flexible transparent electrode. (j) Normalized PCE of flexible PSCs with MXene/AgNW-PUA transparent electrodes at different bending radiuses versus bending times. Reproduced with permission from Reference [176]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. (k) Schematic diagram of transparent flexible electrode fabrication process. Reproduced with permission from Reference [175]. Copyright 2020, Royal Society of Chemistry.