Table 9.
Extracellular vesicles’ drug delivery applications.
| Parental cell | Cargo | Application | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| EVs from HEK293T cells | Angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) | Protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection by competitively bound to virus against host cells | [253] |
| Milk-derived exosomes | Anthocyanidins | Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory in lung cancer | [254] |
| Exosomes from breast and colorectal cancer cells | Aspirin | Cancer therapy | [255] |
| Exosomes from MIN-6 cells | BAY55-9837 | Increase insulin production for type 2 diabetes mellitus | [256] |
| Exosomes from macrophages | Berberine | Spinal cord injury treatment | [257] |
| EVs from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells | Cannabidiol | Increase the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in triple negative breast cancer | [258] |
| Exosomes from umbilical cord-derived macrophages | Cisplatin | Ovarian cancer cells treatment | [259] |
| EVs from macrophages | Curcumin | Neuroprotection and ischemia-reperfusion injury treatment | [260] |
| Inhibit the phosphorylation of Tau protein | [261] | ||
| Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells | Attenuate the progression of osteoarthritis | [262] | |
| EVs from HEK293 cells | Myocardial infarction treatment | [263] | |
| Exosomes from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells | Cerebral ischemia treatment | [264] | |
| Exosomes from HEK293 cells | Curcumin and RAGE-binding peptide | Acute lung injury treatment | [265] |
| EVs from smooth muscle cells | Cystatin C | Protection and healing of the nervous system in different neurotoxic conditions | [266] |
| Exosomes from lung cancer | Docetaxel | Non-small cell lung cancer treatment | [267] |
| Exosomes from cervical cancer | Cervical cancer treatment | [268] | |
| Exosomes from blood samples | Dopamine | Parkinson’s disease treatment | [269] |
| EVs from macrophages | Doxorubicin | Metastatic ovarian cancer treatment | [270] |
| Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells | Colorectal cancer treatment | [271] | |
| Exosomes from human glioma | Glioma treatment | [272] | |
| Milk-derived exosomes | Cancer treatment | [273] | |
| Exosomes from HEK293 cells | Cancer treatment | [274] | |
| Exosomes from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells | Osteosarcoma treatment | [275] | |
| Exosomes from colon cancer | Colorectal cancer treatment | [276] | |
| Exosomes from human breast and ovarian cancer | Breast and ovarian cancer treatment | [277] | |
| Exosomes from macrophages | Edaravone | Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion treatment | [278] |
| Exosomes from human fetal lung fibroblasts | Erastin | Triple-negative breast cancer therapy | [279] |
| Exosomes from pancreatic cells | Gemcitabine | Pancreatic cancer treatment | [280] |
| EVs from human plasma | Imperialine | Non-small cell lung cancer treatment | [281] |
| EVs from human umbilical vascular endothelial cells | Meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl) chlorine | Cancer photodynamic therapy | [282,283] |
| EVs from fibroblast cells | Methotrexate | Glioblastoma treatment | [284] |
| Exosomes from embryonic stem cells | Paclitaxel | Glioblastoma treatment | [285] |
| Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells | Carcinoma treatment | [286] | |
| EVs from gingival mesenchymal stromal cells | Cancer treatment | [287,288] | |
| Exosomes from macrophages | Pulmonary metastases treatment | [289] | |
| Milk-derived exosomes | Lung cancer treatment | [290] | |
| EVs from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells | Malignant pleural mesothelioma treatment | [291] | |
| Exosomes from macrophages | Multiple drug-resistant cancer treatment | [292] | |
| EVs from lung cancer cells | Paclitaxel and oncolytic virus | Primary and metastatic cancer treatment | [293] |
| EVs from neutrophil-like cells | Piceatannol | Alleviated acute lung inflammation/injury and sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide | [294] |
| Exosomes from plasma | Quercetin | Relieve symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting phosphorylation of Tau and reducing the formation of insoluble neurofibrillary tangles | [295] |
| Exosomes from human ovarian cancer | Triptolide | Ovarian cancer treatment | [296] |
| Mannosylated exosomes from macrophages | Vancomycin and lysostaphin | Eradication of intracellular quiescent MRSA | [297] |
| Exosomes from fibroblasts | WNT3A | Repair of osteochondral defects | [298] |