Table 2.
Number of nanoproducts, companies, and the countries that are involved in the nano-fertilizer related nano products development.
| Nano-Enabled Products, Manufacturing Firm | * NPs | Properties | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nano Fertilizer; Silvertech Kimya Sanayi ve Ticaret Ltd., Turkey | ZnO, TiO2 | Plant growth acceleration, Crop yield enhancement, Photosynthesis improvement | Increase the use efficiency of plant nutrients and reduce the soil toxicity |
| Nubiotek® Hyper Fe+Mg; Bioteksa, Mexico |
Fe, Mg | Nubiotek® Hyper Fe+Mg nano-enabled fertilizer functions as activator improve the vegetative development | It ensures sustained growth of plants in all the phenological stages, without negative incidences in the production due to environmental factors |
| Nubiotek® Ultra Ca; Bioteksa, Mexico |
Ca | Nubiotek® Ultra Ca effectively helps the crop, in general, tolerate different scenarios of climatic stress, aggressive presence of pests or diseases with great performance | An enantiomorphic, amiphyloid and coloid that allows the Ca element to penetrate quickly and effectively into the tissues of the crops |
| Fértil Calmag; HPL Agronegocios, Brazil | Mg | Product with a high concentration of Mg with high-tech liquid solution of NPs | Mg quelatizados allow a greater solubility without decantation, has a high concentration and high availability of nutrients for plants with immediate reaction |
| Nanovec TSS 80; Laboratórios Bio-Médicin, Brazil | Mg, Mo, Zn | Nanovec TSS 80 nanocapsules composed of Mg, Mo, and Zn compatible with plant cells and transport nutrients into the plants without loss | Useful for leguminous plants, improve germination, root systems and absorbent radicels; the plant absorbs more water and nutrients from the soil, resisting drought periods; increase number of nodules. It transforms the nitrate into protein, improving the use of N and biological fixation of nitrogen |
| Fertile Calcium 25; HPL Agronegocios, Brazil | Ca | Fértil Calcium 25 is easy to apply, it neutralizes the phytotoxic effect of Al | It is a fluid fertilizer with a high concentration of Ca with rapid root absorption; it prevents diseases in Ca deficient areas |
| Lithocal, Litho Plant, Brazil | Ca, Mg | It is composed of nano-Ca and Mg particles, recommended for application directly to the soil, in the form of spraying in total area | An essential elements for crops, promoting root system, enhance nutrients uptake, better resisting the periods of drought, increasing tillering sprouts and vegetative vigor |
| Fosvit K30; Kimitec Group, Spain | P, K | Fertilizer with a high content of P (30%) and K (20%) | A self-defense enhancer against fungal diseases such as omicosis (mildew), promotes the formation of phytoalexins, it distribution K within plant tissues |
| Nano Bor 20%; Alert Biotech, India | B | Used as micronutrient | It is useful for extreme rainfall regions with acidic and sandy soil with deficient of organic matter |
| Nano Zinc (Soil Application 21%); Alert Biotech, India | Zn | This product is intended for dealing Zinc deficiency related issue of crops | It prevented the chlorosis of rice and was very effective in curing all such deficiency-related issues |
| Nano Nutrients for Crops; NanoLandBaltic, Lithuania | SiO2 | Product contains particles 3–50 nm | Used for crops, flowers, trees, and creepers, when it is sprayed on to leaves it delivers all nutrients to chlorophyll directly and enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis |
| Nano Zinc Chelate Fertilizer; AFME TRADING GROUP, United Kingdom | Zn | Growth enhancer | It provide one or more nutrient metal elements to plants and increase the growth and development |
| Nano Iron and Calcium, Potassium Chelate Fertilizer; Afme Trading Group, United Kingdom | Fe, Ca | Plant growth regulater and accelerater | Helps to make up for Fe/Ca/K deficiency |
| Nano-Ag Answer®; Urth Agriculture, USA | Ag | Useful for plant and soil microorganism | It is help in plants and mycorhizal fungi to uptake the nutrients and eventually contribute more organic matter fixation for plants |
* Note: detailed information on used NPs are missing such as concentration and particle size of NPs.