Table 4.
Validation parameters of the saliva and OPS tests compared with NPS (gold standard method).
| Sample Type 1 | qPCR Positiven (%) |
Agreement (%) |
Sensitivity (95% CI) |
Specificity (95% CI) |
PPV (95% CI) |
NPV (95% CI) |
Kappa | AUC (95% CI) |
LR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPS | 220 (15.3) | 96.12 | 81.5 (0.80–0.89) |
99.2% (0.98–0.99) |
94% (0.90–0.97) |
97% (0.96–0.97) |
0.85 | 0.69 (0.68–0.78) |
85.68 |
| Saliva | 225 (15.6) | 92.70 | 73.3 (0.67–0.78) |
96.9% (0.95–0.97) |
83% (0.78–0.88) |
94% (0.92–0.95) |
0.74 | 0.73 (0.66–0.75) |
23.38 |
| Saliva with VTM | 193 (13.4) | 92.28 | 66.1 (0.60–0.72) |
98% (0.97–0.98) |
88% (0.82–0.92) |
92.9% (0.91–0.94) |
0.71 | 0.73 (0.68–0.78) |
33.6 |
1 Number of paired samples was 1440. OPS: oropharyngeal swab; Saliva with VTM: saliva with viral transport medium; qPCR: quantitative PCR; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; AUC: area under the curve; LR: likelihood rate; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.