Table 4.
Participants scoring below and above the cut-off scores in the various psychopathological domains (IES-R, SAS and PHQ) at the second assessment point (April-May 2021) by main personal and professional characteristics.
| Post-Traumatic Distress * (n = 335) |
Anxiety (n = 932) |
Depression (n = 917) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <24 IES-R n (%) |
≥24 IES-R n (%) |
p | <36 SAS n (%) |
≥36 SAS n (%) |
p | <10 PHQ n (%) |
≥10 PHQ n (%) |
p | |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 22 (31.9) | 47 (68.1) | 0.364 | 129 (62.9) | 76 (37.1) | <0.001 | 142 (70.0) | 61 (30.0) | <0.001 |
| Female | 69 (26.1) | 195 (73.9) | 273 (38.5) | 437 (61.5) | 389 (55.7) | 309 (44.3) | |||
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| <36 | 41 (36.9) | 70 (63.1) | 0.030 | 146 (47.7) | 160 (52.3) | 0.038 | 176 (58.7) | 124 (41.3) | 0.321 |
| 36–55 | 38 (22.8) | 129 (77.2) | 177 (39.9) | 267 (60.1) | 252 (57.8) | 184 (42.2) | |||
| >55 | 14 (24.6) | 43 (75.4) | 88 (48.9) | 92 (51.1) | 115 (64.2) | 64 (35.8) | |||
| Occupation | |||||||||
| Physicians | 18 (36.0) | 32 (64.0) | 0.143 | 79 (62.2) | 48 (37.8) | <0.001 | 90 (70.9) | 37 (29.1) | <0.001 |
| Residents | 18 (34.6) | 34 (65.4) | 80 (51.6) | 75 (48.4) | 91 (59.5) | 62 (40.5) | |||
| Nurses | 31 (21.2) | 115 (78.8) | 102 (30.5) | 232 (69.5) | 164 (50.2) | 163 (49.8) | |||
| Other health care staff | 22 (31.9) | 47 (68.1) | 96 (44.9) | 118 (55.1) | 130 (61.9) | 80 (38.1) | |||
| Administrative staff | 3 (21.4) | 11 (78.6) | 49 (53.3) | 43 (46.7) | 65 (72.2) | 25 (27.8) | |||
| Work place | |||||||||
| Intensive care units | 16 (23.9) | 51 (76.1) | 0.870 | 41 (34.2) | 79 (65.8) | 0.006 | 49 (41.9) | 68 (58.1) | <0.001 |
| Sub-intensive COVID-19 wards 1 | 27 (30.7) | 61 (69.3) | 50 (35.2) | 92 (64.8) | 75 (54.7) | 62 (45.3) | |||
| Frontline services dealing with COVID-19 2 | 10 (22.7) | 34 (77.3) | 54 (51.9) | 50 (48.1) | 59 (56.7) | 45 (43.3) | |||
| Non-COVID-19 wards | 27 (30.3) | 62 (69.7) | 178 (49.7) | 180 (50.3) | 228 (64.6) | 125 (35.4) | |||
| Laboratory diagnostic services 3 | 6 (31.6) | 13 (68.4) | 35 (43.8) | 45 (56.3) | 47 (58.8) | 33 (41.3) | |||
| Administration | 5 (27.8) | 13 (72.2) | 42 (46.2) | 49 (53.8) | 65 (73.0) | 24 (27.0) | |||
| Experienced traumatic event | |||||||||
| Yes | 93 (27.8) | 242 (72.2) | - | 78 (23.6) | 253 (76.4) | <0.001 | 123 (37.8) | 202 (62.2) | <0.001 |
| No | - | - | 335 (55.7) | 266 (44.3) | 422 (71.3) | 170 (28.7) | |||
* Completed only by participants who experienced a COVID-19-related traumatic event; 1 Infectious Disease Unit, Pulmonary Medicine, Internal Medicine units converted specifically to COVID-19; 2 Radiology and Emergency Departments; 3 Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, Immunology, Pathology, Microbiology; IES-R, impact of event scale-revised; PHQ, patient health questionnaire; SAS, self-rating anxiety scale.