Table 1.

The effects of different types of exercise intervention on NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Subjects	Model	Exercise Regimen	Main Findings	Ref
Rats	SD, male	Acute treadmill running, 45, 90 or 120 min	Myocardium NLRP3↑, IL-1β↑ following 45 min exercise and during recovery	[64]
Human	Healthy, young, male	(1) Acute moderate intensity: 50% HRmax for 30 min + 70% HRmax for 40 min, Nordic walking; (2) Acute high intensity, 70% HRmax for 30 min + 90% HRmax for 40 min, Nordic walking.	(1) No change in PBMCs NLRP3 mRNA, or serum IL-1β and IL-18; (2) PBMCs NLRP3 mRNA↑, serum IL-1β and IL-18↑.	[4]
Human	Non-obese, female/male	(1) 2-h exercise, 60% VO2max, cycling (2) 1.5-h exercise, 70% VO2max, cycling	No change in adipose IL-18 mRNA following exercise, or 2 h/10 h during recovery	[66]
Mice	C57BL/6, male, HFD	80% VO2max, treadmill running, 30 min/day, 5 times/week, 10 weeks.	Adipose mRNA of IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-18↓	[69]
Human	Healthy, young, male	(1) Moderate intensity: 50% HRmax for 30 min + 70% HRmax for 40 min, Nordic walking, 3 days/week, 3 months; (2) High intensity, 70% HRmax for 30 min + 90% HRmax for 40 min, Nordic walking, 3 days/week, 3 months.	(1) PBMCs NLRP3 mRNA↓, serum IL-1β and IL-18↓; (2) PBMCs NLRP3 mRNA↑, serum IL-1β and IL-18↑.	[4]
Human	Obese, male and female	High-intensity, 70% VO2max, rowing, 30 min/day, 3 days/week, 8 weeks.	Adipose IL-18 mRNA↓ after training. No change in plasma IL-18 after training.	[66]
Human	Obese, male and female	Hypocaloric diet & moderate-intensity, 65–75% HR, aerobic and resistance, 3–5 days/week, 16 weeks.	peripheral blood ASC mRNA↓, MCP-1↓, MIP-1β↓	[67]
Human	Elderly, male and female	Resistance exercise (leg press, biceps curl, pec deck), 60–80% 1RM, 2 sessions/week, 8 weeks.	PBMCs NLRP3↓, caspase-1/pro-caspase-1↓	[68]
Mice	C57BL/6, male, HFD	Isometric strength training, 3 min, 3 series with 1 min break, 5 times/week	Adipose NLRP3↓, serum IL-18↓	[69]