Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample.
| Demographic and Clinical Information | HC (n = 61) | SCZ (n = 117) | F/χ₂ | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (M/F) | 31/30 | 82/35 | 6.420 | 0.01 |
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 33.8 ± 12.276 | 36.25 ±9.116 | 2.257 | 0.135 |
| Education (years, mean ± SD) | 13.95 ± 4.084 | 12.51 ± 2.999 | 7.139 | 0.008 |
| Paternal Education (years, mean ± SD) | 10.43 ± 4.612 | 9.97 ± 4.91 | 0.344 | 0.559 |
| Maternal Education (years, mean ± SD) | 9.818 ± 4.41 | 9.183 ± 4.0556 | 0.844 | 0.360 |
| BNSS Total score (mean ± SD) | 34.70 ± 16.381 | |||
| BNSS Expressive deficit domain (mean ± SD) | 11.30 ± 7.31 | |||
| BNSS Experiential domain (mean ± SD) | 21.10 ± 9.185 | |||
| PANSS Positive (mean ± SD) | 8.32 ± 4.727 | |||
| PANSS Negative (mean ± SD) | 15.65 ± 5.843 | |||
| PANSS Disorganization (mean ± SD) | 8.64 ± 3.604 | |||
| CDSS Total score (mean ± SD) | 3.23 ± 3.835 | |||
| SHRS global parkinsonism (mean ± SD) | 0.86 ± 1.149 | |||
| SLOF Interpersonal relationships (mean ± SD) | 23.09 ± 5.725 | |||
| SLOF Everyday life skills (mean ± SD) | 46.85 ± 6.834 | |||
| SLOF Work Skills (mean ± SD) | 20.72 ± 6.10 | |||
| MCCB Neurocognitive Composite Score (mean ± SD) | 35.18 ± 10.902 | |||
| Duration of illness (mean ± SD) | 12.98 ± 8.067 | |||
| Type of AP medication (%) | 78.4% second-generation AP 11.2% first-generation AP 10.3% both AP |
AP, antipsychotic; BNSS, Brief Negative Symptom Scale; CDSS, Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia; HCs, Healthy controls; MCCB, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SCZ, subjects with schizophrenia; SD, standard deviation; SHRS, The St. Hans Rating Scale for extrapyramidal syndromes; SLOF, The Specific Level of Functioning scale. p values in bold indicate statistical significance.