Table 5.
Mean dietary nutrient consumption and mean difference between BDHD-FFQ and 3DDR.
| Dietary Intake (Unit) | BDHD-FFQ | 3DDR | % Mean Difference a | p-Value b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Energy (Kcal/day) | 1823 (236) | 1539 (275) | 18.4 | <0.01 |
| Protein (g/day) | 65 (11) | 55 (11) | 18.3 | <0.01 |
| Carbohydrate (g/day) | 255 (44) | 217 (44) | 17.8 | <0.01 |
| Fat (g/day) | 56 (11) | 47 (11) | 20.0 | <0.01 |
| Sodium (mg/day) | 2469 (615) | 2037 (577) | 21.2 | <0.01 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 409 (134) | 369 (123) | 11.0 | <0.01 |
| Potassium (mg/day) | 1819 (357) | 1531 (309) | 18.8 | <0.01 |
| Iron (mg/day) | 16 (5) | 12 (4) | 33.9 | <0.01 |
| Phosphate (mg/day) | 961 (155) | 772 (198) | 24.6 | <0.01 |
a Percentage mean difference were individually calculated by using the equation (BDHD-FFQ–3DDR)/3DDR × 100. Interpretation criteria: good 0–10.9%; acceptable 11.0–20.0%; poor >20.0% [51]. ᵇ Paired sample t-test of BDHD-FFQ with 3DDR, p-value < 0.05. Interpretation criteria: good: p-value > 0.05; poor: p-value ≤0.05 [52]. Abbreviations: BDHD-FFQ, Bangladeshi Hemodialysis-Food Frequency Questionnaire; 3DDR, 3-day diet recall; Kcal/day = kilocalorie per day; g/day = gram per day; mg/day = milligram per day.