Figure 12.

GPC supplementation alters the plasma concentration of gut microbial metabolites implicated in the TMAO pathway. (A) Targeted metabolomic profile in plasma in female C57BL/6J Apoe^−/− mice fed a GPC supplemented chow diet for 16 weeks versus control chow diet. The concentration for each metabolite was normalized to the average concentration in the combined chow and GPC groups. (B) Heat map showing Spearman correlation coefficients for the targeted metabolites and the bacterial taxa showing discrimination between the two diet arms as shown in Figure 8D and aortic lesion area and plasma TMAO level. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.