Figure 13.

Untargeted metabolomic analysis of plasma metabolites in GPC supplemented chow diet-fed mice versus control chow diet-fed mice. (A) PLS-DA of the untargeted metabolomic data in plasma resulted in a clear separation of the metabolic features between female C57BL/6J Apoe^−/− mice fed GPC supplemented or control chow diets. (B) Pearson correlations (r) among the untargeted metabolomic features with fold change larger and FDR smaller than TMAO by comparison of the two groups and plasma TMAO concentration, aortic lesion area. Untargeted metabolomic features in the plasma of female C57BL/6J Apoe^−/− mice fed GPC supplemented or control chow diet for 16 weeks were acquired by LC-Triple TOF 5600 mass spectrometer using positive IDA mode. The acquired data were analyzed by XCMS to extract ion specific feature labeled with m/z and retention time (rt). Plasma TMAO concentration was determined by stable isotope dilution LC-MS. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.