Figure 4.

Fecal microbiota transplantation from ovariectomized (OVX)- and sham- mice to antibiotic-treated mice. Antibiotic-treated mice were orally administered cecal luminal contents of sham or OVX mice three times per week for four weeks. (A): Body weight at sacrifice (B–D): Tibial bone mineral density. (E,F): Serum bone formation marker (E) and serum bone resorption marker (F). (G,H): Relative mRNA expression of TNFα (G) and ZO-1 (H). N = 8–9 per group. BMD: bone mineral density, CTX: C-terminal telopeptide of collagen, LPS: lipopolysaccharide, PINP: procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, TNFα: tumor necrosis factor alpha, ZO-1: zonula occludens-1.