Table 1.
Description of study participants a and test of differences in characteristics between preeclampsia (PE) cases and controls b.
| Characteristics | PE Cases, N = 29 (%) | Controls, N = 82 (%) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 31.2 ± 5.6 | 30.2 ± 3.9 | 0.30 |
| <35 | 20 (69.0) | 70 (85.4) | 0.053 |
| 35≤ | 9 (31.0) | 12 (14.6) | |
| Maternal pregestational body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) | |||
| <18.5 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.2) | 0.062 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 11 (37.9) | 44 (53.7) | |
| 25–29.9 | 7 (24.1) | 25 (30.5) | |
| 30≤ | 11 (37.9) | 12 (14.6) | |
| Maternal parity | |||
| Nullipara | 17 (58.6) | 60 (73.2) | 0.26 |
| Primipara | 10 (34.5) | 16 (19.5) | |
| Multipara | 2 (6.9) | 6 (7.3) | |
| Previous gestational hypertension | 0 (0) | 2 (2.4) | 0.40 |
| Previous preeclampsia | 6 (20.7) | 6 (7.3) | 0.046 |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| Vaginal | 22 (75.9) | 67 (81.7) | 0.50 |
| Caesarean | 7 (24.1) | 15 (18.3) | |
| Fetal sex | |||
| Male | 16 (55.2) | 43 (52.4) | 0.80 |
| Female | 13 (44.8) | 39 (47.6) | |
| Preterm birth (<week 37) | 4 (13.8) | 4 (4.9) | 0.11 |
| Fetal weight (g) | 3485 ± 562 | 3282 ± 753 | |
| Year of birth | |||
| 2008 | 6 (20.7) | 15 (18.3) | 0.11 |
| 2009 | 8 (27.6) | 21 (25.6) | |
| 2010 | 2 (6.9) | 0 | |
| 2011 | 2 (6.9) | 19 (23.2) | |
| 2014 | 5 (17.2) | 13 (15.9) | |
| 2015 | 6 (20.7) | 14 (17.1) | |
| Gestational age by week | 38.5 ± 2.1 | 39.5 ± 1.7 | 0.014 |
a Mean and standard deviation (SD) are presented for continuous variables, and numbers (percentages) are presented for categorical variables. b Differences between PE cases and controls were analysed with an χ2 test for categorical variables and with a t-test for continuous variables.