. 2021 Nov 25;7(12):1006. doi: 10.3390/jof7121006

Table 3.

Compilation of the best results obtained by macroalgae extracts/dry powder against plants infected with phytopathogenic fungi using in field methodologies (summary of the information available in Scopus up until 25 February 2021). * Infection expressed in % of infection after application of the macroalgae extract. A: The antimicrobial activity can be due the presence of acrylic acid; B: Increase in effectiveness after a second application; C: Loss of effectiveness for long periods.

Phytopathogenic Fungi	Macroalgae Source	Extract Type/Concentration	In field Assays		Greenhouse Assays Green		References
Phytopathogenic Fungi	Macroalgae Source	Extract Type/Concentration	Host	Infection *	Host	Infection *	References
Fusarium oxysporum	Dictyota cervicornis	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	6.2	-	-	[71]
	Halimeda tuna	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	-	-	[71]
	Melanothamnus afaqhusainii	Dry powder	Eggplant	0	-	-	[72]
	Melanothamnus afaqhusainii	Dry powder	Watermelon	0	-	-	[72]
	Padina tetrastromatica	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	-	-	[71]
	Polycladia indica	Dry powder	Eggplant	0	-	-	[72]
	Polycladia indica	Dry powder	Watermelon	0	-	-	[72]
	Sargassum swartzii	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	12.5	-	-	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	-	-	[71]
	Spatoglossum variabile	Dry powder	Eggplant	0	-	-	[72]
	Stoechospermum polypodioides	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	-	-	[71]
Fusarium solani	Dictyota cervicornis	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	Glycine max (L.)	6.2	[71]
	Halimeda tuna	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	0	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74]
		Dry powder	Sunflower	0	Glycine max (L.)	12.5	[71]
		Dry powder	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	12.5 ^A	[75]
	Melanothamnus afaqhusainii	Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	0 ^A	Sunflower	25 ^A	[75]
	Padina tetrastromatica	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	Glycine max (L.)	12.5	[71]
	Padina tetrastromatica	Dry powder	Capsicum annum L.	0	-	-	[71]
	Polycladia indica	Dry powder	Capsicum annum L.	6.2	Glycine max (L.)	18.7	[71]
	Polycladia indica	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	[74]
	Rhizoclonium riparium	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7 ^C	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	[74]
	Sargassum aquifolium	Dry powder	Capsicum annum L.	6.2	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	[71,74]
	Sargassum swartzii	Dry powder (0.5%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	31.2	[73]
		Dry powder (1%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	12.5	[73]
		Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0 ^C	Glycine max (L.)	6.2	[71]
	Sargassum tenerrimum	Dry powder	Capsicum annum L.	6.2 ^B	-	-	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	6.2 ^C	Glycine max (L.)	0	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0 ^B	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[71,74]
	Spatoglossum asperum	Dry powder (0.5%)	Solanum melongena L.	18.7	-	-	[72]
	Spatoglossum variabile	Dry powder	Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai	18.7	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	[72,74]
		Dry powder	Sunflower	0 ^A	Sunflower	18.7 ^A	[75]
		Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	0 ^A	Lycopersicum esculentum	12.5 ^A	[75]
	Stoechospermum polypodioides	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0 ^C	Glycine max (L.)	12.5	[71]
	Stoechospermum polypodioides	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	6.2	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	[71,75]
Macrophomina phaseolina	Dictyota cervicornis	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	6.2	Glycine max (L.)	6.2	[71]
	Halimeda tuna	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	Glycine max (L.)	0	[71]
		Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0 ^C	Sunflower	12.5 ^A	[75]
		Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	0 ^A	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	[74,75]
	Melanothamnus afaqhusainii	Dry powder	Solanum melongena L.	12.5	Sunflower	18.7 ^A	[72,75]
			Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai	0	-	-	[72]
		Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74]
		Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	0 ^A	Lycopersicum esculentum	0 ^A	[75]
	Padina tetrastromatica	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	-	-	[71]
	Polycladia indica	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	12.5	Glycine max (L.)	0	[71]
		Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0 ^C	-	-	[71]
		Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	Gossypium hirsutum L.	25	[74]
		Dry powder	Solanum melongena L.	0	-	-	[72]
		Dry powder	Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai	0	-	-	[72]
	Rhizoclonium riparium	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	[74]
	Sargassum aquifolium	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	-	-	[71]
	Sargassum aquifolium	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74]
	Sargassum swartzii	Dry powder (0.5%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	[73]
	Sargassum swartzii	Dry powder (1%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	[73]
	Sargassum tenerrimum	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0 ^C	-	-	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0	Glycine max (L.)	0	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	0	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	[74]
		Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	-	-	[71]
	Spatoglossum asperum	Dry powder (0.5%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	6.2	[73]
	Spatoglossum asperum	Dry powder (1%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	[73]
	Spatoglossum variabile	Dry powder	Sunflower	0 ^A	Sunflower	0 ^A	[75]
		Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	[75]
		Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	[74]
		Dry powder	Solanum melongena L.	0	-	-
		Dry powder	Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai	0	-	-	[72]
	Stoechospermum polypodioides	Dry powder	Glycine max (L.)	0 ^C	Glycine max (L.)	6.2	[71]
			Gossypium hirsutum L.	0	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74]
		Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	-	-	[71]
Rhizoctonia solani	Dictyota cervicornis	Dry powder	Glycine max L.	6.2 ^C	Glycine max L.	0	[71]
	Halimeda tuna	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0 ^B	Glycine max L.	0	[71]
			Sunflower	0 ^A	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74,75]
		Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	12.5 ^A	Lycopersicum esculentum	6.2 ^A	[75]
	Melanothamnus afaqhusainii	Dry powder	Citrullus lanatus	0	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	[72,74]
	Melanothamnus afaqhusainii	Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	12.5 ^A	Lycopersicum esculentum	6.2 ^A	[75]
		Dry powder	-	-	Sunflower	18.7	[75]
	Padina tetrastromatica	Dry powder	Glycine max L.	12.5 ^C	Glycine max L.	0	[71]
	Padina tetrastromatica	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	-	-	[71]
	Polycladia indica	Dry powder	Solanum melongena L.	0	-	-	[71,72,74]
		Dry powder	Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai	12.5	-	-	[72]
		Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	Glycine max L.	0	[71]
		Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74]
	Rhizoclonium riparium	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	25	Gossypium hirsutum L.	25	[74]
	Sargassum aquifolium	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	Gossypium hirsutum L.	6.2	[71,74]
	Sargassum aquifolium	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	18.7	-	-	[74]
	Sargassum swartzii	Dry powder (0.5%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	[71,73]
		Dry powder (1%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	0	[71,73]
		Dry powder	-	-	Glycine max L.	0	[71]
	Sargassum tenerrimum	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0 ^C	-	-	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	Glycine max L.	0	[71]
	Solieria robusta	Dry powder	Gossypium hirsutum L.	0	Gossypium hirsutum L.	12.5	[74]
	Spatoglossum asperum	Dry powder (0.5%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	25	[73]
	Spatoglossum asperum	Dry powder (1%)	-	-	Lycopersicum esculentum	6.2	[73]
	Spatoglossum variabile	Dry powder	Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai	0	Sunflower	12.5 ^A	[72,75]
	Spatoglossum variabile	Dry powder	Lycopersicum esculentum	12.5 ^A	Lycopersicum esculentum	6.2 ^A	[75]
	Stoechospermum polypodioides	Dry powder	Capsicum annuum L.	0	Glycine max L.	0	[71]