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. 2021 Dec 9;13(12):2127. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122127

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Selective results for hemostatic properties of GelMA:HA-NB matrix hydrogel prepared using rapid polymerization using UV light radiation. (a) Schematic showing a surgical procedure in a pig cardiac puncture injury model. (b) Images showing the real surgical procedure, application of hydrogel, and hemostatic efficacy of hydrogel, where hydrogel stops bleeding completely within 30 s in a 6 mm pig cardiac injury. (c) SEM images showing the interface between hydrogel and pig’s heart obtained from immediate postoperative autopsy on the heart of a pig. (d,e) Heart autopsy and tissue staining images of the interface between hydrogel and hearts of a pig after two weeks of post-operative recovery. Adapted with permission from [32]. Copyright © 2019, Springer Nature.