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. 2021 Nov 29;10(12):2628. doi: 10.3390/plants10122628

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of HcEE, HcEA and the main active compounds on pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions in UVB-irradiated fibroblasts. UVB-irradiated fibroblasts were treated with the extracts or active compounds for 48 h. The IL-6 and IL-8 secretions (A–D) in the culture supernatant were examined by ELISA. Cells were collected after 24 h of treatment and IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA levels (E–H) were determined using RT-qPCR. Data are presented as mean ± S.D. values of three independent experiments, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 vs. the control UVB-irradiated fibroblasts. # p < 0.05 vs. HcEE at the same concentration, ^a p < 0.05 vs. quercitrin at the same concentration. ^b p < 0.05 vs. chlorogenic acid at the same concentration. HcEE: H. cordata ethanolic extract, HcEA: H. cordata ethyl acetate fraction.