Table 1.
Effect of different concentrations of insulin on glucose consumption in HepG2 cells at different time intervals to conduct IRM.
| Insulin Conc. (µM) | Glucose Consumption (mmol/L) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 h | 24 h | 36 h | 48 h | |
| - | 3.577 ± 0.199 | 4.441 ± 0.087 | 5.477 ± 0.045 | 6.200 ± 0.092 |
| 0.005 | 0.432 ± 0.406 *** | 0.229 ± 0.077 *** | 1.750 ± 0.270 *** | 1.932 ± 0.412 *** |
| 0.05 | 1.378 ± 0.477 *** | 1.803 ± 0.310 *** | 1.750 ± 0.026 *** | 2.062 ± 0.139 *** |
| 0.5 | 1.563 ± 0.445 *** | 2.248 ± 0.502 *** | 2.232 ± 0.310 *** | 2.636 ± 0.284 *** |
| 5 | 1.507 ± 0.841 *** | 2.933 ± 0.434 ** | 4.345 ± 1.462 * | 5.620 ± 0.923 |
| 50 | 2.916 ± 0.670 | 4.175 ± 0.430 | 6.124 ± 0.114 | 6.158 ± 0.094 |
Values represent mean ± SD from three independent repeats. Significant difference was analyzed by two-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc Dunnett test, where * p < 0.5, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, compared to control non-insulin-treated cells.