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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Schematic figure of the PI2K/Akt pathway. Following RTKs binding to the growth factors, the PI3K signaling pathway is activated. Akt: protein kinase B; GRB2: growth factor receptor-bound protein 2; PDK1: phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1; PTEN: phosphatase and tensin homologue.