Table 1.
Chemical composition of essential oils extracted from tree and shrubs species.
| N° | RT (min) |
Compound | LRI a | LRI b | Relative % c | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C. ladanifer | C. sempervirens | J. communis | ||||||||
| Andévalo | Cerezal | Ermitas | Huéscar | Almazán | Barriomartín | |||||
| 1 | 8.07 | tricyclene | 917 | 921 | 0.30 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.05 # | - | - | - | - |
| 2 | 8.34 | α-thujene | 923 | 924 | - | - | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.49 ± 0.01 # | 0.92 ± 0.01 | 0.66 ± 0.06 |
| 3 | 8.81 | α-pinene | 933 | 932 | 42.50 ± 0.96 # | 19.27 ± 0.26 | 55.95 ± 0.46 | 52.32 ± 3.48 | 23.96 ± 0.41 | 35.05 ± 0.02 # |
| 4 | 9.37 | α-fenchene | 945 | 945 | - | - | 0.74 ± 0.03 | 0.64 ± 0.04 | - | - |
| 5 | 9.42 | camphene | 946 | 946 | 2.15 ± 0.07 | 6.66 ± 0.01 # | - | - | - | - |
| 6 | 10.61 | sabinene | 974 | 969 | - | - | 1.07 ± 0.01 | 2.46 ± 0.20 # | 7.86 ± 0.01 | 6.72 ± 0.40 |
| 7 | 10.70 | β-pinene | 979 | 974 | - | - | 1.25 ± 0.02 | 1.42 ± 0.13 | 1.43 ± 0.07 | 1.63 ± 0.01 |
| 8 | 11.49 | β-myrcene | 991 | 988 | - | - | 2.15 ± 0.07 | 2.63 ± 0.19 | 2.60 ± 0.03 | 3.24 ± 0.06 |
| 9 | 12.08 | α-phellandrene | 1003 | 1002 | - | - | - | - | 1.68 ± 0.06 | 1.25 ± 0.02 |
| 10 | 12.41 | 3-carene | 1010 | 1008 | - | - | 13.09 ± 2.70 | 16.18 ± 1.12 | - | - |
| 11 | 12.96 | p-cymene | 1021 | 1020 | 2.04 ± 0.01 | 1.10 ± 0.05 | - | - | - | - |
| 12 | 13.29 | limonene | 1030 | 1024 | 2.07 ± 0.02 | 1.15 ± 0.09 | 2.66 ± 0.01 | 2.74 ± 0.23 | 21.30 ± 0.03 # | 15.01 ± 0.26 |
| 13 | 13.53 | trimethylcyclohexanone | 1033 | 1027 * | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 2.57. ± 0.09 # | - | - | - | - |
| 14 | 14.62 | γ-terpinene | 1054 | 1059 | - | - | - | - | 0.69 ± 0.02 | 0.50 ± 0.14 |
| 15 | 16.14 | terpinolene | 1084 | 1086 | - | - | 2.60 ± 0.02 | 3.58 ± 0.34 # | 0.94 ± 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.03 |
| 16 | 18.64 | trans-pinocarveol | 1138 | 1139 | 1.45 ± 0.05 | 1.37 ± 0.09 | - | - | - | - |
| 17 | 19.61 | pinocarvone | 1158 | 1160 | 1.01 ± 0.01 | 1.12 ± 0.02 | - | - | - | - |
| 18 | 20.18 | borneol | 1170 | 1165 | 1.22 ± 0.03 | 1.05 ± 0.03 | - | - | - | - |
| 19 | 20.57 | terpinen-4-ol | 1177 | 1174 | - | - | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.77 ± 0.00 | 0.47 ± 0.01 |
| 20 | 25.40 | bornyl acetate | 1282 | 1283 | 4.16 ± 0.10 | 5.01 ± 0.02 | - | - | - | - |
| 21 | 27.99 | α-cubebene | 1345 | 1349 * | - | - | - | - | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 0.26 ± 0.01 |
| 22 | 28.15 | α-terpinyl acetate | 1345 | 1346 | - | - | 1.31 ± 0.01 | 1.33 ± 0.09 | - | - |
| 23 | 28.80 | cyclosativene | 1360 | 1369 | 1.05 ± 0.01 | 1.24 ± 0.02 | - | - | - | - |
| 24 | 29.15 | α-copaene | 1368 | 1374 | 0.73 ± 0.01 | 1.15 ± 0.09 | - | - | - | - |
| 25 | 29.85 | β-elemene | 1384 | 1389 | - | - | - | - | 1.48 ± 0.01 | 1.44 ± 0.01 |
| 26 | 30.98 | β-caryophyllene | 1411 | 1408 | - | - | - | - | 2.14 ± 0.08 | 3.51 ± 0.14 |
| 27 | 31.65 | cis-thujopsene | 1427 | 1429 | - | - | - | - | 8.19 ± 0.14 | 8.04 ± 0.07 |
| 28 | 31.70 | (E)-thujopsene | 1428 | 1431 * | - | - | - | - | 2.63 ± 0.05 | 1.10 ± 0.01 |
| 29 | 32.47 | humulene | 1447 | 1452 | - | - | - | - | 1.41 ± 0.10 # | 0.15 ± 0.04 |
| 30 | 32.65 | alloaromadendrene | 1451 | 1455 * | 1.54 ± 0.03 | 2.92 ± 0.05 # | - | - | - | - |
| 31 | 33.61 | germacrene D | 1474 | 1480 | - | - | 1.38 ± 0.01 | 3.13 ± 0.19 # | 2.69 ± 0.03 # | 0.14 ± 0.01 |
| 32 | 33.94 | viridiflorene | 1482 | 1496 | 1.55 ± 0.01 | 1.50 ± 0.04 | - | - | - | - |
| 33 | 34.62 | cuparene | 1499 | 1504 | - | - | - | - | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 0.26 ± 0.01 |
| 34 | 34.92 | γ-cadinene | 1506 | 1513 | - | - | - | - | 2.19 ± 0.08 # | 0.41 ± 0.01 |
| 35 | 35.13 | δ-cadinene | 1512 | 1522 | 1.25 ± 0.06 | 1.65 ± 0.03 | - | - | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 1.82 ± 0.01 |
| 36 | 36.53 | germacrene B | 1548 | 1559 | - | - | - | - | 0.79 ± 0.04 | 1.45 ± 0.08 # |
| 37 | 37.04 | palustrol | 1561 | 1567 | 0.63 ± 0.02 | 1.06 ± 0.05 | - | - | - | - |
| 38 | 37.44 | spathulenol | 1571 | 1577 | 0.81 ± 0.05 | 1.69 ± 0.02 | - | - | - | - |
| 39 | 38.39 | viridiflorol | 1595 | 1592 | 13.36 ± 1.14 | 24.13 ± 0.74 # | - | - | - | - |
| 40 | 38.58 | ledol | 1598 | 1600 | 4.06 ± 0.17 | 6.94 ± 0.36 | - | - | - | - |
| 41 | 38.61 | cedrol | 1601 | 1602 | - | - | 2.88 ± 0.11 | 4.63 ± 0.25 # | 1.20 ± 0.12 | 1.05 ± 0.03 |
| 42 | 38.74 | copaborneol | 1604 | 1592 * | 1.89 ± 0.03 | 1.76 ± 0.03 | - | - | - | - |
| 43 | 39.94 | τ-muurolol | 1647 | 1640 | - | - | - | - | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.50 ± 0.15 |
| Total Identified | 84.32 ± 0.18 | 84.48 ± 0.62 | 85.16 ± 2.17 | 91.76 ± 0.61 | 91.91 ± 0.21 | 88.40 ± 0.31 | ||||
| Monoterpene Hydrocarbons | 49.06 ± 1.04 # | 29.27 ± 0.27 | 79.66 ± 2.29 | 82.48 ± 1.20 | 61.41 ± 0.24 | 64.85 ± 0.33 | ||||
| Oxygen-Containing Monoterpenes | 7.83 ± 0.09 | 8.55 ± 0.11 | 1.43 ± 0.02 | 1.50 ± 0.12 | 0.77 ± 0.01 | 0.47 ± 0.01 | ||||
| Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons | 6.10 ± 0.06 | 8.47 ± 0.10 | 1.38 ± 0.01 | 3.13 ± 0.19 # | 26.19 ± 0.38 # | 19.30 ± 0.07 | ||||
| Oxygen-Containing Sesquiterpenes | 20.78 ± 1.38 | 35.59 ± 1.00 # | 2.88 ± 0.11 | 4.63 ± 0.25 # | 3.53 ± 0.06 | 3.98 ± 0.04 | ||||
| Others | 0.53 ± 0.01 | 2.57 ± 0.09 # | - | - | - | - | ||||
a LRI, linear retention index determined on a DB-5 MS fused silica column relative to a series of n-alkanes (C8–C40). b linear retention index reported in the literature (Adams, 2017). c relative % is given as mean ± SD, n = 3. * NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook. # Samples differ significantly (p < 0.05) between the different origins, obtained by Student’s t-test. Values in bold represent the major compounds present in each sample.